Explorer 35: The U.S. Lunar Orbiter of 1967

Name: Explorer 35: The U.S. Lunar Orbiter of 1967
Start: 1967-07-19
Location: Unspecified

The Launch of Explorer 35

In 1967, the United States took a significant step in its quest to explore the cosmos with the launch of Explorer 35, a space probe designed for lunar exploration. Explorer 35 was part of the Explorer program, aimed at deepening our understanding of the moon's environment and physical characteristics. This mission marked a pivotal moment in the history of space exploration, showcasing the scientific advancements of the era while also reflecting the intense rivalry of the Cold War.

Key Objectives of Explorer 35

The primary goal of Explorer 35 was to enter a lunar orbit and collect valuable data about the moon. It was tasked with measuring the lunar gravitational and magnetic fields, as well as mapping the moon's surface both from above and during its approach. The probe was equipped with innovative instruments that would enable scientists to glean insights into the moon's composition and geological history.

Technical Specifications of Explorer 35

Explorer 35 was launched on June 5, 1967, aboard a Delta D rocket. The spacecraft was capable of achieving a highly elliptical orbit, with an altitude varying between 800 and 7400 kilometers. This unique orbit allowed for extensive mapping and analysis of the lunar surface, providing data that would be crucial for future missions, including the manned Apollo missions.

Scientific Discoveries and Contributions

The data collected by Explorer 35 during its mission enriched our understanding of the moon and laid the groundwork for subsequent lunar explorations. One of the most notable aspects of its mission was its contribution to the knowledge of the lunar surface and its gravitational anomalies.

Impact on Lunar Science

Scientific findings from Explorer 35 contributed significantly to understanding lunar topography and geology, including the identification of large impact craters and the distribution of maria, or lunar seas. The data also advanced research into the moon's magnetic field, providing clues about its geological past.

Legacy of Explorer 35

Explorer 35 is often remembered as a crucial mission in the history of lunar exploration. It not only gathered important data that has been referenced for decades but also served as a stepping stone toward future missions that would eventually lead to humans walking on the moon. The lessons learned from this probe continue to inform current lunar missions today.

Fun Fact

Explorer 35’s Interesting Fact

One intriguing fact about Explorer 35 is that it was designed with the ability to stay in communication with Earth for several years, enabling scientists to continuously analyze the data it transmitted even after its initial launch. This illustrates the dedication and foresight of the engineers and scientists behind the mission.