The Birth of the 1987 Constitution
The 1987 Philippine Constitution marked a significant turning point in the nation's history, as it came into effect on February 11, 1987. This momentous event was a culmination of the Philippine people's struggle for democracy and an end to the authoritarian regime of President Ferdinand Marcos, whose rule lasted for over two decades. After the Edsan People Power Revolution in 1986, which saw millions of Filipinos peacefully gather to demand change, the need for a new constitution became imperative.
The Role of Corazon Aquino
Corazon Aquino, the first female president of the Philippines, played a pivotal role in the drafting of the new constitution. As a leader who emerged from the revolutionary ferment, she was committed to restoring democratic institutions and civil liberties that had been suppressed. Her administration worked closely with various sectors of society, including civic groups and legal experts, to ensure the constitution reflected the will of the people.
The 1987 Constitution is characterized by several key features aimed at promoting democracy and social justice. It established a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, along with a Bill of Rights that guarantees fundamental freedoms for all Filipinos. Importantly, it also included provisions for land reform and the protection of the environment, laying the groundwork for a more equitable society.
Impacts and Reforms Following the Constitution's Effectiveness
The implementation of the 1987 Constitution led to significant reforms across various sectors of Philippine society. It ushered in a period of greater political participation and transparency, encouraging Filipinos to engage actively in governance. Local governments were given enhanced powers, fostering grassroots involvement and local decision-making.
In reviewing the impact on education, the new constitution emphasized the importance of quality education and the right to access it for all citizens. The state was mandated to provide relevant and accessible educational opportunities, leading to the establishment of programs aimed at improving literacy and educational standards nationwide.
One of the cornerstones of the 1987 Constitution was the unwavering commitment to human rights. This provision played a crucial role in the establishment of institutions and mechanisms to protect human rights across the nation. Through this focus, Filipino citizens were empowered with the ability to hold the government accountable for abuses and to seek justice.
Fun Fact
Interestingly, more than 80% of registered voters participated in the plebiscite to ratify the constitution in 1987, showcasing the overwhelming desire of the Filipino people for democracy and change.
Additional Resources
For those interested in exploring more about this pivotal document, we recommend "The 1987 Philippine Constitution: A Commentary" by Joaquin G. Bernas and "The Philippine Constitution: A Study of the 1987 Constitution" by Ma. A. G. A. B. E. Valenzuela.
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