The Annexation of the Orange Free State by Britain in 1900

Name: The Annexation of the Orange Free State by Britain in 1900
Start: 1900-10-06
Location: Unspecified

Overview of the Annexation

The Orange Free State Becomes the Orange River Colony

In 1900, an important event in the history of British colonialism occurred as Britain formally annexed the Orange Free State, which then became known as the Orange River Colony. This move was a significant consequence of the ongoing Second Boer War that had erupted in 1899 between the British Empire and two Boer republics, namely the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal).

The Context of the Annexation

The annexation was primarily motivated by Britain's desire to exert control over the rich resources of the region, particularly the gold found in nearby territories and the strategic advantages it offered during wartime. Amidst rising tensions and conflict, Britain's military campaigns led to the eventual capture of the capital, Bloemfontein, and the full domination of the region.

The Aftermath of the Annexation

The Impact on Boer Society

The imposition of British rule affected millions of Boers and indigenous populations, causing significant turmoil in their societies. The British administration introduced various changes in governance, laws, and taxation, leading to discontent among the local Boer population.

The Legacy of the New Colony

As the Orange River Colony, the former Orange Free State remained under British control until it was formally incorporated into the Union of South Africa in 1910. This annexation laid the groundwork for further tensions between the Boers and the British Crown, which would resonate in South African history for decades to come.

Fun Fact

Unexpected Resistance

Despite its eventual annexation, the Orange Free State was known for its resilient military resistance during the Second Boer War. The Boer strategy of guerrilla warfare proved to be quite challenging for the British forces.