The Shift to a Federal Penitentiary
Alcatraz and Its Unofficial Status
The year 1933 marked a significant turning point for Alcatraz as it transitioned into an unofficial federal prison. Originally built as a military fortress, Alcatraz evolved into a site of notorious imprisonment, housing some of the most dangerous criminals in American history.
Early Years of Alcatraz
Before becoming a federal prison, Alcatraz served various roles, including a military prison during the Civil War and a military fortress. By the early 1900s, it became apparent that the island's isolation made it a suitable location for housing notorious felons.
The Official Designation and Its Impact
Federal Bureau of Prisons Takes Over
In 1934, the Federal Bureau of Prisons officially designated Alcatraz as a federal penitentiary. This shift showcased the increasing need to isolate and rehabilitate criminals who were deemed too dangerous for regular prisons.
Alcatraz’ Reputation as Escape-Proof
Alcatraz earned the reputation of being escape-proof, primarily due to its treacherous waters and strong security measures. This led to its nicknames, such as "The Rock", which reflected both the prison's formidable reputation and its rocky landscape.
Fun Fact
The Infamous Escape Attempts
Although many inmates attempted to escape, the most famous was in 1962, when Frank Morris and brothers John and Clarence Anglin successfully fled the prison in a daring plan that has become legendary.
Additional Resources
Recommended Reading on Alcatraz
If you're intrigued by the captivating history of Alcatraz, consider delving into "Escape from Alcatraz" by J. Campbell, which recounts the audacious escape, or "Alcatraz: The Gangster Years" by J. Smith, which details the notorious criminals who inhabited the prison.
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