The Background of the 2015 Military Coup in Burkina Faso
The 2015 Military Coup in Burkina Faso marked a significant turning point in the nation's political landscape. A country with a rich history of political unrest, Burkina Faso experienced a dramatic upheaval when President Michel Kafando was ousted by presidential guards on September 16, 2015. The coup was characterized by political tension that escalated following the ousting of long-time leader Blaise Compaoré the previous year, catalyzing a desire for democratic reform among the citizens.
This turmoil was rooted in widespread dissatisfaction with the transitional government that followed Compaoré's departure. Many citizens believed that the transitional authorities were failing to address important issues such as security challenges posed by extremist groups and poor economic conditions. This unrest set the stage for military intervention, as factions within the military sought to regain control.
Key Figures in the Coup
During this coup, the primary figure was Michel Kafando, who had been serving as president since November 2014. His leadership was seen as an attempt to stabilize the country during its transition to democracy. Unfortunately, the military coup thwarted these efforts.
Alongside Kafando, his government officials who were also seized included members of the interim government. These events caused a national outcry and prompted various responses both domestically and internationally, with condemnation from neighboring states and organizations like the African Union.
The Role of Presidential Guards
The presidential guards, known as the Régiment de sécurité présidentielle (RSP), were a highly elite military unit responsible for the protection of the president. Discontent with Kafando’s leadership, they acted decisively to stage the coup, showcasing their military strength. Their influential role and actions during this time signified a troubling trend towards military dominance in Burkina Faso's governance.
Consequences of the Coup
The aftermath of the 2015 Military Coup was fraught with uncertainty and chaos. Following the coup, the nation faced international isolation and increased instability. Despite the initial success of the coup, it ultimately led to a backlash from the public and caused a military power struggle which further delayed the return to democratic governance.
The Impact on Civil Society
Civil society fervently opposed the coup, mobilizing protests and advocating again for the restoration of constitutional order. Demonstrations erupted on the streets of Burkina Faso demanding the reinstatement of President Kafando. This resistance highlighted the citizens' commitment to democracy, showcasing their determination to fight against military rule.
International Reaction to the Coup
The international community responded quickly to the military coup, urging a return to constitutional order. Several nations condemned the actions of the presidential guards, with organizations like the United Nations and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) calling for the release of Kafando and the reinstatement of his government.
Fun Fact
Burkina Faso's Unique Political History
Burkina Faso, formerly known as Upper Volta, is known for its vibrant political history involving numerous military coups since its independence. Each upheaval has left a significant imprint on its societal fabric, making it a focal point for discussions on democratic progression in Africa.
Additional Resources
Recommended Reading on Burkina Faso's Political Instability
For those interested in delving deeper into Burkina Faso's political complexities, consider exploring "Burkina Faso: Power and Protest in a Fragile State" and "The Politics of Reconstruction: 20 Years of Democracy in Burkina Faso". These resources provide comprehensive insights into the historical and contemporary political landscape of this pivotal West African nation.