What happened today in history?
What happened
today in history?
Dec 15
Back

Napoleon Bonaparte’s State Funeral: A 19-Year Wait for Recognition

Napoleon Bonaparte’s State Funeral: A 19-Year Wait for Recognition

Remembering a Legend: Napoleon Bonaparte's State Funeral

On December 15, 1840, France held a state funeral for one of its most iconic figures, Napoleon Bonaparte, a full nineteen years after his death. This remarkable event in Paris represented not only a posthumous honor for the military general and emperor but also a profound reflection of French history and sentiment towards him. Brought back from his tomb on the remote island of St. Helena, where he had been exiled, the ceremony was an emotional and patriotic occasion for the French people.

Napoleon, who died in 1821, had a complex legacy. While he was a source of national pride for many due to his military conquests and ambitious reforms, he was equally criticized for his authoritarian rule and wars that led to significant loss of life. His state funeral came at a time when the French were shifting from the turbulent eras of revolution and empire towards a more stable government, under the July Monarchy.

Napoleon Bonaparte: A Military Genius

Born on August 15, 1769, in Corsica, Napoleon Bonaparte rapidly rose through military ranks during the French Revolution. His innovative tactics and extraordinary leadership during the Napoleonic Wars made him renowned across Europe. By declaring himself Emperor of the French in 1804, he established a regime that profoundly changed the landscape of France and much of Europe. However, his dreams of empire and ultimate defeat led to his imprisonment on St. Helena, far from the land he once ruled.

The Journey Back to France

In an ironic twist of fate, Napoleon's remains were finally returned to France at the behest of King Louis-Philippe, who aimed to unify the nation under a common identity. The expedition's journey was especially emblematic; it showed how the French government intended to reconcile with the controversial figure of Napoleon. His body was transported in a luxurious coffin back to a nation now striving for stability.

A Grand Ceremony in the Heart of Paris

The state funeral service drew enormous crowds as thousands of onlookers filled the streets of Paris to witness the procession. Napoleon's coffin was carried on a grand gun carriage draped in the tricolor flag, accompanied by troops and dignitaries. The event was marked by a series of speeches that honored his contributions and legacy, showcasing how Napoleon was perceived as a national hero in contemporary France.

Symbolism of the Funeral

The funeral was not merely a farewell but also a powerful political statement. It symbolized France's attempt to embrace its past and reconcile with the divisive figure of Napoleon. By elevating his status posthumously, the government sought to solidify national unity and remind the populace of the glory days of the Napoleonic era.

The Final Resting Place of Napoleon

After the grand funeral, Napoleon was interred in Les Invalides, a notable burial place for French military leaders and heroes. The site has since become a significant monument, drawing visitors from around the world who wish to pay their respects to the Emperor who irrevocably shaped the fate of France.

Fun Fact

Did You Know?

Interestingly, upon his death, Napoleon Bonaparte was buried in a simple grave on St. Helena, without any indication of the grandeur that his funeral in 1840 would eventually display. It underscores how perceptions of historical figures can evolve significantly over time.

Additional Resources

Recommended Reading on Napoleon Bonaparte

For those interested in exploring more about Napoleon's life, you may consider reading "Napoleon: A Life" by Andrew Roberts or "Napoleon Bonaparte: A Life" by Alan Schom. These works delve into the depths of his character and the era in which he lived.