The 1921 Start of the Third Anti-German Revolt in Upper Silesia

Name: The 1921 Start of the Third Anti-German Revolt in Upper Silesia
Start: 1921-05-02
Location: Unspecified

The Beginnings of the 1921 Anti-German Revolt

The Third Anti-German Revolt in Upper Silesia, beginning in 1921, was a significant moment in the ongoing conflict between Polish nationalists and the German population in the region. Following the end of World War I and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles, Upper Silesia became a point of contention between Poland and Germany, both seeking to assert their dominance and claim over the territory. This conflict stemmed from long-standing ethnic tensions and political disputes, as the area was predominantly German in terms of population but had a substantial Polish minority.

The Upper Silesian Plebsicite

In March 1921, a plebiscite was held to determine the future of Upper Silesia. The results showed a near-even split, with approximately 60% voting to remain part of Germany while 40% favored joining Poland. This division led to heightened tensions, and on May 2, 1921, Polish forces, previously organized and armed, initiated the revolt. The event escalated rapidly, culminating in street battles and armed conflict as both sides clashed over control of the region.

Key Players in the Conflict

Several notable organizations and individuals played a crucial role during the Third Anti-German Revolt. The Polish National Committee, led by prominent leaders advocating for Polish interests, sought to mobilize support among the local Polish population. Conversely, the German government attempted to suppress the nationalistic uprisings through military force, intensifying the skirmishes that would follow.

Impacts of the Revolt

The aftermath of the revolt had long-term consequences for Upper Silesia. Despite the initial success of the Polish insurgents, the League of Nations intervened, mediating a resolution that led to a division of the territory. Large areas remained German while others were granted to Poland, shifting political and social landscapes dramatically.

International Intervention and Outcomes

The involvement of the League of Nations played a crucial role in preventing a full-blown war in the region. An agreement was reached, resulting in an international commission to oversee the transition of control, thus avoiding escalation into a wider conflict. The resolution confirmed the ethnic divisions that had plagued Upper Silesia and established a framework for future governance.

The Aftermath for Polish and German Relations

The Third Anti-German Revolt not only affected the parties involved but also had broader implications for Polish and German relations. The tensions laid a foundation for future disputes that would play a role in the political dynamics of the region and contributed to the nationalistic movements that would surface in the years leading up to World War II.

Fun Fact

Did You Know?

Upper Silesia was at the center of three major uprisings between 1919 and 1921, each reflecting the complex inter-ethnic relations and the struggle for identity in the region between Polish and German communities.