What happened today in history?

The Fifth Circuit upheld a lower court's decision blocking key provisions of Texas's controversial book rating law, HB 900, emphasizing the importance of educational freedom and censorship concerns.

2023 Revival of 1980s American TV sitcom "Night Court", premieres on NBC TV; John Larrquette is the sole returning cast member

On January 17, 2019, a devastating car bomb exploded outside the National Police Academy in Bogotá, Colombia, killing at least 8 and injuring 41 people. This tragic attack raised concerns about national security and police safety amid ongoing violence in the country.

In 2017, a tragic bombing by the Nigerian military mistakenly targeted a refugee camp in Rann, Borno State, leading to the deaths of over 70 civilians. This incident raised alarms about military practices and the protection of displaced individuals.

On January 17, 2014, a suicide bombing in a restaurant in Kabul, Afghanistan, claimed the lives of 21 people, highlighting the ongoing security challenges in the region and the impact of terrorism on civilian life.

The 2013 Homs Massacre saw over 100 civilians killed by Syrian army forces, highlighting the intense violence in the Syrian Civil War. This tragedy emphasized the humanitarian crisis and the brutal nature of the conflict, leading to global calls for accountability.

In April 2013, a series of bombings in Iraq led to the tragic loss of 33 lives, highlighting the ongoing violence and instability in the country. The event prompted a government crackdown on militant cells and raised international concerns over Iraq's security situation.

In February 2013, Jakarta, Indonesia, was struck by massive flooding that resulted in the tragic deaths of four people and over 2,000 evacuations, exposing the city's vulnerability to natural disasters.

In 2013, a tragic plane crash in Chiapas, Mexico, claimed the lives of eight individuals, highlighting the critical issues of aviation safety and the emotional toll on the community affected by this disaster.

In 2013, Japan announced an ambitious plan to build the world’s largest wind farm near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, marking a significant shift towards renewable energy and a commitment to sustainability following the Fukushima disaster.

In 2010, a tragic dragon boat capsized off the shores of Penang, Malaysia, resulting in the loss of six students from Chung Ling High School and injuring twelve others. The incident ignited discussions on water sports safety and drew community support during the mourning period.

In January 2002, Mount Nyiragongo erupted, leading to the displacement of around 400,000 people from Goma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The disaster triggered humanitarian efforts and raised awareness of the volcanic risk in the region.

In 1996, the Czech Republic applied for European Union membership, marking a crucial step in its transition from communism to democracy, aiming for political stability and economic growth.

The 1995 Kobe earthquake devastated the city with a 7.2 magnitude tremor that claimed 5,372 lives. The disaster led to significant destruction and highlighted the need for improved disaster preparedness and urban planning in Japan.

The 1994 Northridge Earthquake devastated Los Angeles, resulting in 60 fatalities and $30 billion in damages. This seismic event sparked significant changes in building codes and emergency preparedness initiatives throughout California.

Operation Desert Storm began on January 17, 1991, as US-led coalition forces launched a bombing campaign against Iraq to liberate Kuwait, following Iraq's invasion. This operation marked a crucial moment in the Gulf War and showcased unprecedented international military cooperation.

In 2011, Miguel released 'Sure Thing', a standout track that blended R&B with pop, earning the coveted Billboard Song of the Year title. Its romantic essence and heartfelt lyrics won it widespread acclaim, cementing Miguel's status as a leading artist in contemporary music.

In an iconic match on March 22, 1986, Tim Witherspoon defeated defending champion Tony Tubbs by majority decision in a 15-round fight at The Omni in Atlanta, claiming the WBA heavyweight title and altering the course of heavyweight boxing history.

On January 17, 2015, Deontay Wilder made history by defeating Bermane Stiverne for the WBC heavyweight championship at MGM Grand in Las Vegas, marking him as the first American heavyweight champion since Shannon Briggs in 2007. Wilder's victory revitalized American boxing.

In 1984, the Supreme Court's landmark ruling declared that recording TV shows at home using VCRs for personal use does not violate copyright laws, empowering consumers and altering media consumption forever.

In 1983, Nigeria expelled around 2 million illegal aliens, primarily Ghanaians, in a dramatic response to economic decline and increased unemployment. This action raised significant humanitarian concerns and impacted both nations involved.

On February 7, 1982, 'Cold Sunday' struck the U.S. with record-breaking low temperatures, some of the coldest in over a century, causing major disruptions across multiple cities.

In 1980, NASA launched Fltsatcom-3, enhancing military communications through advanced satellite technology. This mission played a crucial role in naval operations and set the stage for future developments in satellite communications.

In 1980, a bomb by the Provisional IRA detonated on a passenger train near Belfast, resulting in three deaths and injuries to five others, including the bombers. This event exemplified the violence of the Troubles and its tragic impact on civilians.

On January 17, 2021, Alexey Navalny was arrested upon returning to Russia after recovering from a nerve-agent poisoning, igniting significant protests and international condemnation against the Kremlin's actions.

The Hermes rocket, launched by the European Space Agency in 1976, signified a pivotal moment in European space exploration, enabling autonomous satellite launches and enhancing Europe's position in global aerospace technology.

In 2019, Cai Dongjia, known as the 'godfather of crystal meth' in China, was executed for his role in large-scale drug trafficking. His death marked a significant effort by the Chinese government to combat the pervasive issue of drug abuse and trafficking in the country.

In 1973, the city of Amsterdam declared its support for Hanoi, symbolizing a commitment to peace and the rights of those affected by the Vietnam War. This decision marked Amsterdam's dedication to humanitarian efforts and global solidarity.

In 1972, seven men managed to escape from the prison ship HMS Maidstone in Belfast Lough, highlighting the plight of internees during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. This dramatic event underscored the tensions and complexities of the conflict, shaping public perception around internment policies.

In 1971, Sinn Féin ended their 65-year policy of abstentionism at a conference in Dublin, allowing elected representatives to take their seats in the Dáil, marking a major shift in their political strategy.

The 1970 free-agent draft transformed professional baseball by allowing 357 players to pursue new opportunities, breaking the constraints of previous player contracts and enabling teams to tap into a broader pool of talents. This event remains a pivotal moment in MLB history.

The landing of Soyuz 5 on January 18, 1969, was a significant achievement in the Soviet space program, marking progress in the space race. The crew, including Georgi Shonin, faced challenges but successfully completed their mission, showcasing advanced Soviet technology.

In 2019, Ram Rahim Singh, a prominent spiritual leader, and his aides received life sentences for the murder of journalist Ram Chander Chhatrapati, who courageously exposed sexual abuse within the sect, marking a pivotal moment in India's fight against corruption and abuse of power.

The 1966 B-52/KC-135 crash near Palomares, Spain, resulted in the loss of seven airmen during a mid-air refueling operation. This tragic event raised concerns about military safety and the transportation of nuclear weapons, impacting international relations and military protocols.

In 1985, Indian cricketer Mohammad Azharuddin scored his second Test century against England at Lord’s, showcasing his exceptional talent and marking a significant moment in Indian cricket history.

On January 17, 1989, a gunman opened fire in Stockton, California's Cleveland Elementary School, killing five students and wounding over thirty, sparking national outrage and discussions on gun control reform.

In 1990, pitcher Dave Stewart signed a landmark $3,500,000 contract with the Oakland Athletics, reshaping baseball salaries and establishing a new trend for player contracts. His contributions to the game as a leading pitcher exemplified the value of elite talent in MLB.

On April 24, 2001, OPEC ministers met in Vienna and decided to cut oil production quotas by 1.5 million barrels per day to stabilize declining oil prices, showcasing the organization's influence in the global oil economy.

In 1992, Sarah Ferguson attended a controversial dinner at the Everglades Club, a venue known for its exclusion of Jewish members. Her attendance sparked public backlash and raised questions about the royal family’s stance on social inclusivity.

In 1957, a nine-county commission recommended the establishment of BART, a rapid transit system designed to address the extensive transportation needs of the growing Bay Area population. It set the stage for significant urban development and commuting advancements.

In 1989, Ann Bancroft Murden and Linda Metz made history as the first women to reach the South Pole overland on skis, showcasing resilience and breaking barriers for women in exploration.

In 1955, the USS Nautilus embarked on its historic test voyage, becoming the first nuclear-powered submarine. This groundbreaking event revolutionized naval warfare, showcasing the potential of nuclear energy beneath the oceans.

In December 1950, the Great Brink's Robbery saw eleven men orchestrate a daring heist, stealing over $2.7 million in cash and securities. Led by Tony Rossi, the robbery has since become a legendary tale of crime in American history.

1949 Radio series "The Goldbergs" by Gertrude Berg premieres on US TV on CBS

The refusal of China to agree to a ceasefire in 1951 during the Korean War highlighted its commitment to supporting North Korea and had significant implications for international relations and the ongoing conflict.

In 1948, a crucial cease-fire agreement between the Netherlands and Indonesia halted hostilities during the Indonesian National Revolution, paving the way for the nation's eventual independence. This agreement marked a significant turn in the struggle for self-determination in Southeast Asia.

In 1948, eleven members of the US Communist Party were put on trial in NYC amidst the Red Scare, raising critical debates about civil liberties versus national security. The trial had profound impacts on American politics and highlighted the struggle for freedom of speech in a tense political climate.

In 2007, the Doomsday Clock was adjusted to five minutes to midnight, reflecting heightened global nuclear tensions, especially after North Korea's first nuclear test. This act symbolized urgent calls for disarmament and awareness about existential threats faced by humanity.

The Muiden ammunition factory explosion in 1947 was a catastrophic industrial accident, resulting in the death of 16 individuals. This tragic event spurred significant changes in safety regulations for hazardous materials in the Netherlands.

The first meeting of the United Nations Security Council took place on January 17, 1946, at Westminster Central Hall, setting a historic precedent for international diplomacy and collective security in the post-war world.

On March 24, 1991, Andy Van Hellemond set an NHL record by officiating his 1,173rd game during the St. Louis Blues vs. Montreal Canadiens match, marking a significant milestone in sports officiating.

In January 1945, the Soviet Army entered the devastated city of Warsaw, clearing out German forces and marking a pivotal moment in WWII. The liberation came at a cost, setting the stage for a complex relationship between Poles and their new Soviet rulers.

The 1943 Tin Can Drive Day united American communities in collecting tin cans for the war effort, emphasizing unity and resourcefulness during World War II, while showcasing the importance of home front contributions.

In 1944, the British corvette HMS Violet achieved a significant victory by sinking the German submarine U-641 in the Atlantic, showcasing the skill and bravery of her crew amidst the ongoing challenges of World War II.

Gary Gilmore was executed by firing squad in Utah on January 17, 1977, after being convicted of two murders. His case reignited national debate over capital punishment and has left a lasting impact on American law and society.

In July 1989, the Phoenix Suns canceled a game against the Miami Heat due to significant racial unrest in Miami, showcasing the intersection of sports and social responsibility during a time of crisis. Jerry Colangelo played a pivotal role in this monumental decision.

In 1977, Tommy Davis was released by the Kansas City Royals, concluding an impressive 18-year baseball career with 10 teams. Known for his batting prowess and dynamic play, Davis left a lasting legacy in Major League Baseball.

1996 Iraq agrees to talks concerning a UN plan to allow for the Iraqi sale of $1 billion of oil; proceeds from the sale would be used for humanitarian purposes

On January 17, 1991, Harald V became the King of Norway following the death of his father, Olav V. This transition marked a new era for the Norwegian monarchy, with Harald engaging deeply with the nation's social affairs and international relations.

In January 1991, Iraq launched eight Scud missiles targeting Israel amid the Gulf War. Led by Saddam Hussein, the attacks aimed to provoke a regional conflict but resulted in heightened tensions and significant military responses.

Super Bowl V, held in 1971 at the Miami Orange Bowl, saw the Baltimore Colts defeat the Dallas Cowboys 16-13. Chuck Howley of the Cowboys shone as MVP, marking a unique moment in NFL history.

In 1972, Highway 51 South in Memphis was renamed Elvis Presley Boulevard, honoring the legendary musician. This renaming celebrated his incredible legacy and influenced the city's cultural identity, drawing fans to his home, Graceland.

In 1934, the Electric Home & Farm Authority was incorporated to promote electrification in rural areas, playing a vital role in improving quality of life and boosting agricultural productivity during the Great Depression.

In 1995, the LA Rams announced their move to St. Louis, marking a significant shift in NFL history. This decision was driven by financial challenges and the need for a new stadium, ultimately leading to the team’s successful revival in Missouri.

In 1977, Zaire's President Mobutu Sese Seko visited Belgium to fortify ties with the former colonial power. Despite his grand reception, the visit was shadowed by protests highlighting his oppressive regime.

In 1988, Leslie Manigat was elected as the President of Haiti, marking a pivotal moment in the nation's struggle for democracy. His brief tenure highlighted the challenges faced in fostering political stability amid military intervention and social upheaval.

Popeye made his debut in 1929 in the comic strip 'Thimble Theater,' created by Elzie Crisler Segar. His rugged charm, love for spinach, and adventurous spirit quickly captured audiences, leading him to become a notable cultural icon in American comics and beyond.

In 1928, the first fully automatic photographic film developing machine was patented, revolutionizing the photography industry by streamlining the film developing process, making it faster and more efficient for photographers and enhancing the quality of images produced.

The 1952 NFL Draft saw Bill Wade, a standout quarterback from Vanderbilt University, selected as the #1 pick by the Los Angeles Rams, marking a pivotal moment in NFL history and shaping the future of quarterback recruitment in the league.

In 1972, Freddie Hart released 'My Hang-Up Is You,' which became a significant hit, earning the title of Billboard Song of the Year. This emotional country ballad showcased Hart's songwriting prowess and solidified his legacy in the music industry.

In 1923, the Belgian Working People's Party organized a significant protest against the occupation of the Ruhrgebiet, showcasing the class struggles and political tensions in post-World War I Europe. This event represented a strong solidarity movement among the working class against foreign oppression.

In 1923, Philip Brown introduced the revolutionary Brown Lunation Numbers, standardizing how astronomers track lunar cycles, which significantly impacted lunar research and communication in the field.

1963 Joe Walker takes X-15 to altitude of 82 km

On January 17, 1920, the 18th Amendment commenced in the US, launching Prohibition. This ban on alcohol transformed society, leading to underground speakeasies and a surge in organized crime, ultimately questioning the feasibility of legislating morality.

Gilbert Dodds, famed for his 1945 mile record of 4:05.3, shocked the sports world when he chose to retire and dedicate his life to gospel work. His transition from athlete to spiritual leader showcases a legacy that extends beyond mere records.

In 1917, the U.S. purchased the Virgin Islands from Denmark for $25 million, marking a pivotal moment in American territorial expansion and strategic military positioning during World War I.

1973 New Philippine constitution names Marcos president for life

In 1915, during World War I, Russia occupied Bukovina and Western Ukraine, influencing local populations and altering the geopolitical landscape. The event marked a significant shift in power dynamics and spurred national identity movements in the region.

On January 31, 1970, John M. Burgess was installed as the Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, where he championed social justice and theological engagement within the church and the wider community.

Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, was arrested by Soviet secret police in Hungary on January 17, 1945. He is celebrated for saving tens of thousands of Jews from the Nazis through his courageous humanitarian efforts during World War II.

In 1905, Charles Brewer and C G Scannell patented punchboards in Chicago, revolutionizing gaming with a simple yet captivating device that offered players the thrill of winning prizes by punching holes in a board.

In 1899, the United States took possession of Wake Island, a strategic Pacific atoll, marking a pivotal moment in U.S. expansion overseas. This annexation under the Guano Islands Act laid the groundwork for its future military significance, particularly during World War II.

In 1962, Roy Harris' 8th Symphony premiered in San Francisco, marking a significant moment in classical music. This event highlighted Harris' innovative style and his contributions to a uniquely American sound in the symphonic genre.

On January 17, 1893, Millsboro, Delaware, experienced a record-breaking temperature drop to 17°F (-27°C), marking one of the coldest days in the state's history and showcasing the resilience of the community.

The signing of the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1893 marked a pivotal moment in European alliances, as France and Russia joined forces against mutual threats, shaping the diplomatic landscape leading to World War I.

The Battle of Abu Klea in 1885 saw British forces defeat Mahdist troops in Sudan, resulting in significant casualties on both sides. This confrontation underscored military tactics and colonial challenges during the period.

In 1939, Ed Barrow was elected as the president of the New York Yankees, succeeding Jacob Ruppert following his death. Barrow's leadership marked a significant transition for the franchise as he aimed to uphold the Yankees' legacy and strengthen their competitive edge in Major League Baseball.

Percy Mackaye's play "Scarecrow" premiered in New York City on November 12, 1911, introducing innovative themes and staging in American theatre and resonating with audiences through its deep introspection and symbolism.

In 1938, Mikhail Kalinin was elected as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, representing a significant event in Soviet political history amidst the backdrop of Stalin's control and the Great Purge.

In 1874, armed Democrats seized control of the Texas government, marking the end of Radical Reconstruction. This event led to the re-establishment of white supremacy and the implementation of laws that curtailed the rights of African Americans for decades.

In 1916, Rodman Wanamaker hosted a crucial luncheon at the Taplow Club in New York City, leading to the formation of the Professional Golfers' Association (PGA). This event marked a pivotal moment for golfers, promoting unity and representation in the sport.

The Battle of Fort Henry on January 22, 1862, was a key conflict in the Civil War, marked by USS Lexington's bombardment. The Union's victory opened strategic river control, setting the stage for future successes in the conflict.

1920 Paul Deschanel elected President of France

In 1882, Aletta Jacobs became the first female physician in the Netherlands by opening her own medical practice. Her work not only advanced women's health but also championed women's rights, making significant strides toward gender equality in medicine.

In 1852, the British government recognized the independence of Transvaal in South Africa. This significant event marked a turning point in the relationship between the British Empire and the Boer settlers, influencing the region's political landscape for years to come.

The resignation of Casimir-Perier in 1895 shook the French political landscape. Followed by the installation of Félix Faure as president, this transition heralded a new chapter amid ongoing tensions, particularly surrounding the Dreyfus Affair that polarized the country.

In 1893, Queen Liliuokalani was deposed by an American-led coup, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Hawaii. This crucial event marked the end of the Hawaiian monarchy and set the stage for eventual annexation by the United States.

In January 1864, General James Longstreet led Confederate troops in the Battle of Dandridge, Tennessee, ending heavy fighting that highlighted the strategic challenges of the Civil War. Longstreet's leadership played a pivotal role as this battle represented the weariness of both armies amidst the long conflict.

In 1871, Andrew Smith Hallidie patented the first cable car, revolutionizing urban transport in San Francisco. This innovative vehicle began service in 1873, tackling the city's steep hills and paving the way for modern public transportation.

The 1863 skirmish near Newtown, Virginia, involved Union and Confederate forces in a significant confrontation during the Civil War, highlighting the tactics and morale of both armies in this critical year of the conflict.

In 1832, Johannes van den Bosch was appointed governor-general of the Dutch East Indies, implementing the controversial cultivation system that aimed to boost economic profits while altering the lives of local farmers significantly.

In 1775, nine old women were tragically burned as witches in Kalisk, Poland, accused of causing poor harvests. This event underscores the perilous intersection of fear, superstition, and societal unrest during a time marked by vulnerability and scapegoating.

In 1757, the German Diet declared war on Prussia, marking a response to the latter's aggressive expansion. This declaration played a critical role during the Seven Years' War, influencing alliances and the power dynamics among European states.

In 1775, Richard Brinsley Sheridan's play 'The Rivals' premiered in London, captivating audiences with its witty dialogue and comedic exploration of love and social pretensions. The play's enduring characters and themes continue to resonate today.

The Battle of Cowpens in 1781 saw American forces, led by Brigadier General Daniel Morgan, decisively defeat British troops under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton. This victory was pivotal in the reconquest of South Carolina during the American Revolutionary War.

In 1779, Captain James Cook made his last notation in the ship's log aboard the Discovery, marking the onset of tragic events that led to his death in Hawaii. This entry symbolizes the end of an era in maritime exploration and reflects the complexities of cultural encounters.

The Battle of Falkirk Muir in 1746 marked a critical victory for the Jacobites under Charles Stuart against Hanoverian forces. This confrontation showcased the ongoing struggle for Scottish independence and the complexities of succession during that turbulent period.

In January 1718, a catastrophic avalanche hit Leukerbad, Switzerland, destroying buildings and killing 53 people. This tragic event reshaped the community and led to advancements in avalanche safety measures and disaster preparedness. Survival and resilience became the new pillars of this Alpine town.

The Treaty of Königsberg, signed in 1656, established a strategic alliance between Brandenburg and Sweden, significantly influencing the balance of power in Northern Europe during the Thirty Years' War, and setting the stage for future territorial expansions.

In 1915, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek's Hospital opened in Amsterdam, named after the father of microbiology. This marked a significant advancement in medical care, emphasizing innovative treatments and scientific research, deeply impacting the community.

In 1601, France acquired Bresse, Bugey, Valromey, and Gex in a treaty with Spain. This event enhanced France's territorial ambitions and marked a turning point in Franco-Spanish relations, bringing significant geopolitical shifts in European history.

In 1536, French writer François Rabelais was absolved of apostasy by Pope Paul III, marking a significant moment in literature and religion during the Renaissance. This event highlights the intricate interplay between intellectual freedom and ecclesiastical authority.

In 1501, Cesare Borgia returned triumphantly to Rome after a successful campaign in Romagna, solidifying his power and influence during the Renaissance, marked by strategic military and political maneuvers.

In 1377, Pope Gregory XI moved the Papacy from Avignon back to Rome, a significant shift aimed at restoring Church authority and addressing the political and spiritual dissatisfaction caused by the Avignon Papacy.

In 1287, King Alfonso III of Aragon led a successful invasion of Minorca, reclaiming it from Muslim control during the Reconquista. This event transformed the island's demographic and cultural landscape, strengthening Aragonese influence in the region.

Dun Mikiel Xerri, a Maltese patriot, was executed in 1799 for opposing foreign rule. His bravery and sacrifice became symbols of the struggle for Maltese independence, inspiring future generations to fight for their rights.

In 1873, during the First Battle of the Stronghold, Modoc warriors led by Captain Jack achieved a remarkable victory over the United States Army, showcasing their tactical prowess and commitment to defending their homeland during the Modoc War.