End of Jewish Status in Vichy France - 1940

The Formation of the Vichy Government

Vichy France: A New Regime

In June 1940, following the swift defeat of France by Nazi Germany during World War II, the Vichy regime emerged as a new authoritarian government. This regime, led by Marshal Philippe Pétain, was set up in the unoccupied southern part of France and became synonymous with collaboration with Nazi Germany. The Vichy government sought to establish a "French State" that was distinct from the democratic government that existed before the war.

Vichy's Policies Towards Jews

One of the most significant policies of the Vichy government was its decision towards the Jewish population in France. On October 3, 1940, the regime officially proclaimed the end of Jewish status in France, implementing laws that targeted Jews in various sectors, including education and employment. These laws were often modeled after Nazi legislation, such as the Nuremberg Laws, which stripped Jews of their civil rights and aimed to isolate them from the rest of society.

Impact of the Laws on Jewish Lives

Discriminatory Measures Against the Jewish Community

The proclamation of the end of Jewish status led to a series of oppressive measures that deeply affected the Jewish community in France. Jews were barred from holding public office, working in various professions, and were banned from schools and universities. This systemic discrimination created a climate of fear and isolation for Jewish families, many of whom had lived peacefully in France for generations.

The Beginning of Persecution

Following the establishment of these laws, the Vichy regime began collaborating with Nazi authorities to round up Jews for deportation to concentration camps. In 1942, the regime intensified its actions, with thousands of Jews being arrested and sent to their deaths. The discriminatory policies laid the groundwork for one of the darkest periods in the history of France's Jewish community.

Fun Fact

The Legacy of the Vichy Government

Interestingly, the Vichy regime not only targeted Jews but also faced internal conflicts regarding how far to cooperate with Nazi policies, leading to divisions among French citizens and officials during the war.