Formation of the Landwacht in the Netherlands - 1943

The Emergence of the Landwacht

Landwacht’s Foundation

In 1943, amid World War II and the German occupation of the Netherlands, the NSB (Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging) established the Landwacht. This paramilitary organization was created to support the German forces and maintain order in occupied territories. The Landwacht aimed to counteract resistance movements and was seen as an extension of NSB’s influence.

Goals and Objectives of the Landwacht

The primary objectives of the Landwacht included the preservation of public order, the apprehension of suspected resistance members, and collaboration with German authorities. Members believed they were protecting Dutch interests, but their association with the Nazis led to significant controversy and division among the Dutch populace.

Impact of the Landwacht on Dutch Society

Landwacht’s Role in Occupied Netherlands

The Landwacht played a significant role in the German occupation, often acting as enforcers of Nazi policies. While they were not as powerful as the German military, their actions contributed to the atmosphere of fear and oppression in the Netherlands, as they facilitated the arrest of numerous resistance members.

Legacy of the Landwacht

After the Liberation in 1945, many members of the Landwacht faced prosecution for collaboration. Their legacy remains a contentious topic in Dutch history, symbolizing the complexities of collaboration and patriotism during a time of crisis. Discussions about the Landwacht often invoke debates on moral responsibility and the nuances of wartime actions.

Fun Fact

The Controversial Nature of Collaboration

Interestingly, many ordinary citizens joined the Landwacht with the hope of safeguarding their families and communities, reflecting the difficult choices individuals faced during times of occupation.