The Reign of Aurangzeb: The Sixth Mughal Emperor

Name: The Reign of Aurangzeb: The Sixth Mughal Emperor
Start: 1618-07-31
Location: Unspecified

Ascension to Power

Aurangzeb, born in 1618, was the third son of Emperor Shah Jahan, famous for the construction of the iconic Taj Mahal. In 1658, amid a fierce power struggle and family rivalries, Aurangzeb emerged victorious and appointed **himself** as the sixth Mughal emperor. His rise marked a pivotal moment in Indian history, as he would go on to transform the **Mughal Empire**.

Aurangzeb's Rise to Power

Before becoming emperor, Aurangzeb was known for his military prowess and political acumen. He engaged in complex court intrigues and eliminated rivals, demonstrating his skill at navigating the treacherous landscape of Mughal politics. His appointment marked the beginning of a reign characterized by consolidation of power and military expansion.

The Mughal Empire's Expansion under Aurangzeb

Under **Aurangzeb**, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest territorial extent, stretching from the Deccan Plateau in the south to the Himalayan ranges in the north. His policies were aggressive, leading extensive military campaigns into southern India, aiming to integrate the diverse regions into a unified empire, which profoundly shaped the subcontinent's cultural and political landscape.

Aurangzeb's Policies and Governance

Aurangzeb’s governance was marked by a strict interpretation of Islamic law and a shift in the Mughal administration's policies. His reign saw both prosperity and discontent, leading to a complicated legacy.

Religious Policies of Aurangzeb

Aurangzeb is often noted for his stringent religious policies, which included the reinstatement of the **jizya** tax on non-Muslims and the destruction of several Hindu temples. These actions were aimed at enforcing orthodox **Islamic governance**, but also led to increased sectarian tensions and resentment among various communities.

Economic Development and Challenges

While Aurangzeb’s military campaigns brought temporary riches, they strained the empire’s finances. In an effort to maintain economic stability, he focused on both trade and agriculture, promoting new revenue systems that aimed to harness the vast resources of the Mughal territories.

Fun Fact

Aurangzeb's Lengthy Reign

Interestingly, Aurangzeb ruled for a staggering 49 years, making him one of the longest-reigning emperors in **Mughal** history. His longevity allowed him to continually influence the direction of the empire during his lifespan.