1968: France Denies UK Entry into Common Market

The Turbulent Path to the Common Market

In the post-World War II era, Europe was striving for unity and economic cooperation. This led to the formation of the Common Market, which aimed to integrate the economies of European nations to foster prosperity and peace. The UK, eager to join this arrangement in the early 1960s, faced unexpected challenges, most notably from France. In fact, in 1968, France denied the UK entry into the Common Market, a decision that would have lasting implications for both nations.

France's Staunch Opposition

The French government, led by President Charles de Gaulle, was highly protective of its national interests. De Gaulle viewed British membership in the Common Market as potentially disruptive. He feared that the UK’s entry would undermine the Common Market's purpose, as the British economy and political stance were generally less aligned with the European integration goals. Thus, France's decision in 1968 was largely influenced by a desire to maintain a strong French influence within what would become the European Union.

The Implications of Denial

France’s rejection of the UK in 1968 meant that Britain had to reconsider its strategy for economic collaboration in Europe. The denial accentuated the divide between the UK and continental Europe, leading to rising sentiments within Britain regarding its role in Europe and the world. This significant moment foreshadowed the complexities of UK-European relations for decades to come.

The Aftermath of the Decision

The refusal by France to allow the UK into the Common Market in 1968 did not end the UK’s aspirations for closer ties with Europe. Instead, it sparked a period of reflection and reevaluation in British policy, eventually leading to a renewed application for membership later in 1970. This time, the landscape had changed, and the UK was finally able to join the Common Market in 1973, but the seeds of skepticism and division had already been sown.

The Long-Term Effects on UK-EU Relations

The repercussions of France's denial in 1968 reverberated throughout the decades. The relationship between the UK and Europe remained complex, fraught with negotiations, skepticism, and intermittent crises. The contrasting views on sovereignty and integration would come to a head again with events like the Brexit referendum, highlighting how the past continues to influence contemporary politics.

Geopolitical Ripples in Europe

France's denial also reshaped European politics, as it solidified the notion of a core group of nations working towards deeper integration. The UK found itself increasingly at odds with France and Germany, which favored closer ties. The struggle for influence in European affairs contributed to ongoing tensions that still affect relationships today.

Fun Fact

De Gaulle's Unique Approach

President Charles de Gaulle's approach to European integration was often seen as cautious. His resistance to UK membership stemmed from a strong belief in maintaining France's sovereignty, using the term "French Europe" to encapsulate his vision for a Europe independent of course influence, marking a significant ideological stand during the 1960s.

Additional Resources

Recommended Reading on the Common Market

For those interested in delving deeper into this pivotal moment in European history, consider reading "The European Union: A Very Short Introduction" by Simon Usherwood and "The History of the European Union: Origins of the Union" by Alasdair Blair. These texts peel back the layers of European integration and the crucial decisions that shaped it, including the UK's complex relationship with Europe.