Military Rule Begins in Iran (1978)

The Start of Military Rule in Iran

The Shah of Iran's Decision

On September 6, 1978, a pivotal moment in Iranian history occurred when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi declared military rule across the country. This drastic step came in response to growing unrest and protests against his regime, largely driven by political opposition and widespread discontent among various segments of society. The Shah aimed to regain control amid rising tensions that were fueled by economic hardships and political repression.

General Gholām Reza Azhāri’s Role

Following this declaration, General Gholām Reza Azhāri was appointed to form a new government. His government was tasked with implementing martial law, which included censorship of the press, a ban on political gatherings, and the deployment of military forces to quell protests. This extension of military rule intended to reestablish order but instead intensified public unrest and opposition to the Shah’s government.

The Impact of Military Rule

Escalation of Protests Against the Shah

The imposition of military rule led to an escalation in protests across the nation. Despite efforts to maintain control, the Iranian populace, inspired by calls for democracy and justice, took to the streets in greater numbers. The universe of dissent widened, uniting various factions against the authoritarianism of the Shah's regime. This period saw a growth in revolutionary fervor, culminating in the events that would soon unravel the monarchy.

The Prelude to the Iranian Revolution

The military rule was an apparent precursor to the Iranian Revolution of 1979. While the Shah's government sought to suppress the opposition, the opposition only grew stronger and more unified. The revolutionary activities culminated in the eventual overthrow of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, leading to profound changes in Iran's political and social fabric.

Fun Fact

The Unique Context of Military Rule

Interestingly, the military rule was an unusual tactic for the Shah, who had previously relied on modernizing reforms known as the White Revolution. The drastic pivot to military governance marked a significant shift in strategy to maintain power amidst the revolutionary tide.