What happened today in history?

What happened
today in history?
[ Aug 19 ]

2020 - The Controversial #GolfGate Incident of 2020

The 2020 #GolfGate incident sparked outrage as Irish politicians attended a golfing dinner during COVID-19 restrictions, leading to the resignation of two prominent figures, highlighting issues of accountability and public trust.

2016 - 2016 Women's Field Hockey Gold Medal Upset

In a stunning turn of events at the 2016 Rio Olympics, the Great Britain women's field hockey team upset the Netherlands, clinching the gold medal after a dramatic 3-3 draw and a penalty shootout victory of 2-0, marking a historic moment in the sport.

2013 - Tragic Attack on Egyptian Policemen in Rafah (2013)

In 2013, 24 Egyptian policemen were tragically killed in an ambush in Rafah. This event highlighted the rising violence in the Sinai Peninsula amidst political turmoil, prompting significant national outrage and changes in security policies.

2013 - Tragic Train Accident in India - 2013

In 2013, a devastating train accident in Kota, India, led to the death of 37 pilgrims when their bus was struck by a train. This tragic event sparked serious discussions about railway safety reforms and measures to protect travelers in India.

2013 - The 2013 China Floods: A Tragedy in Numbers

In the summer of 2013, floods in China led to the tragic loss of 91 lives and displacement of over a million people, primarily affecting southern provinces. The disaster prompted significant governmental and military responses to mitigate impacts and assist affected communities.

2012 - Tragic 2012 Plane Crash in Talodi, Sudan

In 2012, a tragic plane crash in Talodi, Sudan, resulted in the deaths of 32 people, including government officials traveling to celebrate Eid al-Fitr. Bad weather was blamed for the accident, prompting discussions on aviation safety in the region.

2008 - The Fame: Lady Gaga's Groundbreaking Debut Album

In 2008, Lady Gaga released her debut album 'The Fame' through Interscope Records, marking a significant change in pop music. The album earned the Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album in 2010 and featured hits like 'Just Dance' and 'Poker Face.'

The Fame: Lady Gaga's Groundbreaking Debut Album

2007 - Historic Rainfall in Hoakh, Minnesota

On December 15, 2007, Hoakh, Minnesota experienced an unprecedented rainfall of 15.12 inches, setting a new state record after 35 years. This event transformed the community and raised awareness about extreme weather patterns influenced by climate change.

2005 - The Toronto Supercell Storms of 2005

In 2005, Southern Ontario experienced the devastating 'Toronto Supercell,' a series of strong storms that caused tornadoes and extreme flooding, especially in Toronto, leading to significant property damage and disruption.

2003 - Tragic Jerusalem Bus Attack: A Remembrance of 2003

In a tragic event on August 19, 2003, a Hamas-planned suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem resulted in the death of 23 Israelis, including 7 children. This act of violence underscored the ongoing conflict in the region and its devastating impact on civilians.

2003 - End of Combat Operations in Iraq: 2010

In 2010, as Operation Iraqi Freedom concludes, the last U.S. brigade combat teams evacuate Iraq, marking a significant transition in military operations and a new chapter in U.S.-Iraq relations.

End of Combat Operations in Iraq: 2010
End of Combat Operations in Iraq: 2010
End of Combat Operations in Iraq: 2010

2002 - 2002 Mi-26 Helicopter Attack: A Tragic Event in History

In 2002, a Russian Mi-26 helicopter was shot down by a Chechen missile near Grozny, resulting in a tragic loss of 127 soldiers. This attack stands as the deadliest incident in helicopter history and highlighted the risks faced by military operations in conflict zones.

1997 - The Successful Landing of STS-85: Discovery 23

STS-85 marked a significant milestone in space exploration, as NASA's Space Shuttle Discovery completed its mission and landed successfully on August 19, 1997. This mission focused on important scientific research and international collaboration. Explore the highlights of this historic event!

1991 - Hurricane Bob: The Storm that Struck in 1991

In August 1991, Hurricane Bob formed in the Caribbean and made landfall in Rhode Island, causing significant damage across New England. The storm's aftermath led to a reevaluation of disaster preparedness in affected communities.

1991 - Mariana Pajón Defends Olympic Title in BMX

In 2016, Colombian BMX rider Mariana Pajón successfully defended her Olympic title in Rio de Janeiro, defeating American Alise Post in a thrilling final race. This victory not only highlighted her exceptional skill but also served as an inspiration for the next generation of athletes.

1989 - The 1989 Pan-European Picnic: A Break in the Iron Curtain

In a groundbreaking moment in 1989, Hungary opened its borders to Austria for a brief period during the Pan-European Picnic, resulting in a mass escape for East Germans and marking a significant crack in the Iron Curtain that led to more extensive democratic movements across Eastern Europe.

1988 - Carly Patterson's Historic Gold Medal Win in 2004

In 2004, Carly Patterson became a groundbreaking gymnast as she won the all-around gold medal at the Athens Olympics, marking her as the 2nd American woman to achieve this feat and the 1st at a non-boycotted Olympic Games, inspiring future generations.

1986 - 1986 Car Bombing in Tehran: A Tragic Day

On March 17, 1986, a devastating car bomb exploded in Tehran, Iran, killing 20 people and wounding many others. This tragic event highlighted the ongoing political violence following the Iranian Revolution and the intense conflicts within the country.

1983 - The 1983 Dodgers Trade: A Shift in Pitching

In December 1983, the Dodgers traded Dave Stewart and Ricky Wright to the Texas Rangers for Rick Honeycutt, aiming to enhance their pitching staff. This move, while controversial, had significant implications for all players involved.

1981 - F-14s vs Libyan SU-22: The 1981 Engagement

In the 1981 military conflict, US Navy F-14 pilots shot down two Libyan SU-22s over the Gulf of Sidra, highlighting rising tensions in the Cold War era. This engagement marked a significant moment in US-Libya relations and showcased the F-14's prowess.

1980 - The Premiere of 'Educating Rita'

On June 29, 1980, Willy Russell's play 'Educating Rita' premiered in London, starring Julie Walters. The play explores themes of education, identity, and empowerment through the journey of Rita, a working-class woman seeking self-discovery through learning.

1979 - The Rise of 'My Sharona' by The Knack

In 1979, The Knack released 'My Sharona,' which topped the Billboard Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks. This catchy tune marked a significant moment in music history, capturing the essence of the late '70s with its memorable lyrics and infectious melody.

1967 - The Beatles' 'All You Need is Love' Reaches #1

In 1967, The Beatles released 'All You Need is Love,' a powerful anthem that captured the essence of the era's quest for peace. The song quickly became a #1 hit, showcasing the band's influence and timeless message. Its performance during the global 'Our World' broadcast marked a significant moment in music history.

1966 - The Beatles' Tumultuous Concert in Memphis, 1966

In 1966, The Beatles faced a tumultuous concert in Memphis marked by protests from the Ku Klux Klan, who demonstrated outside the Mid-South Coliseum, throwing rotten fruit and setting off firecrackers during the performance, highlighting the social tensions of the time.

1966 - The Devastating 1966 Varto Earthquake

The 1966 Varto Earthquake in Turkey struck with a magnitude of 6.8, claiming around 2,400 lives and devastating the region. This event highlighted the need for improved building standards and disaster response, shaping policies for better resilience against future earthquakes.

1966 - Sally Gunnell Sets New World Record in 400m Hurdles

On August 28, 1993, Sally Gunnell made history by setting a new world record in the 400m hurdles at the World Championships in Stuttgart, clocking an impressive 52.74 seconds. Her achievement not only won her gold but inspired generations of female athletes.

1966 - Mike Tyson's Triumphant Return to the Ring

On March 11, 1995, Mike Tyson returned to the boxing ring after three years in prison, defeating Peter McNeeley in just 89 seconds. This match marked a significant moment in boxing history, highlighting Tyson's resilience and desire to reclaim his title.

Mike Tyson's Triumphant Return to the Ring

1964 - Wade Boggs: A Historic Moment in Baseball History

On June 28, 1997, Wade Boggs, a New York Yankees third baseman, made history by pitching a scoreless inning against the Anaheim Angels, highlighting his versatility and love for the game. This unique moment added to his legacy in Major League Baseball.

Wade Boggs: A Historic Moment in Baseball History

1963 - The Yardbirds' First US Tour in 1965

In 1965, The Yardbirds launched their first US tour, marking a significant milestone in rock music history. This event showcased their innovative sound and paved the way for their lasting influence on future generations of musicians.

1963 - The Closure of Pirate World Music Radio

Pirate World Music Radio, operating from 1963 to 1973 in Holland, was a pioneering force in broadcasting world music. Its closure marked a significant change in radio, reflecting both governmental restrictions and evolving audience preferences.

1963 - Sri Lanka's Historic Cricket Milestone in 1992

On April 30, 1992, Sri Lanka made history with their highest Test score of 8-547 against Australia, showcasing the prowess of their talented team led by captain Arjuna Ranatunga and featuring stars like Sanath Jayasuriya.

1960 - The Tragic Hungerford Massacre of 1987

The Hungerford Massacre of 1987 saw Michael Ryan kill 16 people in England using an assault rifle before taking his own life, raising urgent discussions on gun control and community safety in the UK.

1960 - The Tragic Decline of the Aral Sea

The Aral Sea faced a tragic decline due to Soviet-era irrigation practices. By 2014, NASA satellites confirmed its eastern basin had completely dried up, marking a significant environmental catastrophe with profound socio-economic impacts.

The Tragic Decline of the Aral Sea
The Tragic Decline of the Aral Sea
The Tragic Decline of the Aral Sea

1959 - Honolulu's Bid for Baseball's Continental League

In 1959, Honolulu, Hawaii sought entry into baseball's proposed Continental League, showcasing its ambition to embrace major league sports and highlighting the tropical city's enthusiasm for baseball amid the league's expansion efforts.

1958 - The 1958 Sit-In at Katz Drug Store

In 1958, the NAACP Youth Council staged a sit-in at Katz Drug Store in Oklahoma City, protesting its "whites-only" lunch counter policy. This act of bravery marked a significant moment in the civil rights movement, spotlighting the fight against segregation and inspiring future generations of activists.

1957 - The NY Giants Move to San Francisco: A Historic Vote

In 1957, the New York Giants voted 8-1 to move their baseball franchise to San Francisco, marking a historic shift in Major League Baseball. This decision not only redefined the team's future but also transformed the landscape of baseball on the West Coast.

1955 - Historic Rainfall in Burlington, Connecticut

In 1955, Burlington, Connecticut, recorded a staggering 32.4 cm of rainfall, setting a state record. This historic event led to significant flooding, impacting infrastructure and sparking discussions about climate change and weather patterns.

1953 - Arrest of Former Attorney General Jesús Murillo Karam

In 2022, former Mexican attorney general Jesús Murillo Karam was arrested in connection with the 2014 disappearance of 43 students, a pivotal event symbolizing Mexico's struggle against human rights abuses and systemic corruption. His arrest represents a significant move towards accountability in a case that has captured global attention.

1950 - The 2009 Baghdad Bombings: A Day of Tragedy

On August 19, 2009, a tragic series of bombings in Baghdad killed 101 and injured 565, targeting government buildings. This event underscored the ongoing violence in Iraq and prompted a global response to the humanitarian crisis.

1948 - Tragic Car-Bomb Attack on UN Headquarters in Iraq

In 2003, a devastating car-bomb attack on the UN headquarters in Iraq killed top envoy Sergio Vieira de Mello and 21 others. The tragedy highlighted the dangers faced by humanitarian workers and the need for increased protection in conflict zones.

1944 - The Withdrawal of Japanese Troops from India in 1944

In 1944, the last Japanese troops were driven out of India, marking a crucial victory for the Allied forces during World War II. This event played a pivotal role in shaping the military dynamics in South Asia and fortified the Indian independence movement.

1944 - 1944 Polish 1st Division Occupies Hill 262

In August 1944, the Polish 1st Division heroically captured Hill 262 (Mont Ormel) during the Normandy campaign, significantly impacting the battle's outcome and playing a critical role in the liberation of Europe from Nazi control.

1944 - US 15th Army Corps Occupies Mantes-Gassicourt

In August 1944, the US 15th Army Corps successfully occupied Mantes-Gassicourt during World War II, marking a strategic victory that contributed to the liberation of Paris. This event was crucial for the Allied forces in their campaign against Nazi occupation in France.

1944 - Omar al-Bashir Admits Corruption in Sudan

In 2019, former Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir admitted to receiving $90 million from Saudi royals during his corruption trial. This admission has significant implications for ongoing political reforms in Sudan.

Omar al-Bashir Admits Corruption in Sudan

1943 - Ken Holtzman's No-Hitter: A Memorable Day at Wrigley Field

On September 6, 1969, Ken Holtzman of the Chicago Cubs pitched a no-hitter against the Atlanta Braves at Wrigley Field, marking a historic achievement in MLB. His stellar performance not only secured a 3-0 victory but also made Holtzman an iconic figure in baseball history.

Ken Holtzman's No-Hitter: A Memorable Day at Wrigley Field

1942 - The Dieppe Raid of 1942

The Dieppe Raid on August 19, 1942, saw over 4,000 Canadian and British soldiers killed, wounded, or captured during a failed mission to seize the French port of Dieppe during World War II, leading to significant learnings for future Allied operations.

1941 - The Release of 'Pussy Cats' by Harry Nilsson

In 1974, Harry Nilsson released his tenth album, 'Pussy Cats', produced by John Lennon. Facing a vocal chord injury, Nilsson created a remarkable legacy through collaboration and dedication, showcasing his talent despite challenges.

The Release of 'Pussy Cats' by Harry Nilsson
The Release of 'Pussy Cats' by Harry Nilsson

1941 - Protests Against Milošević in 1999

In 1999, tens of thousands of Serbians protested in Belgrade demanding the resignation of Slobodan Milošević as president, marking a critical movement towards democracy in the region.

Protests Against Milošević in 1999

1938 - Jim Maloney's Historic No-Hitter in 1965

On July 19, 1965, Jim Maloney of the Cincinnati Reds threw his second no-hitter of the season, leading his team to a dramatic 1-0 victory against the Chicago Cubs. This achievement solidified his legacy in baseball history as a top pitcher of his time.

1931 - The 1991 Coup Attempt Against Gorbachev

The 1991 coup attempt against Mikhail Gorbachev was a critical event where conservative members of the Communist Party sought to overthrow him. The coup's failure accelerated the disintegration of the Soviet Union and marked a significant shift toward democracy in the region.

The 1991 Coup Attempt Against Gorbachev

1930 - Homer Blancos and the 55 - A Golfing Milestone

In 1962, Homer Blancos made history by scoring an incredible 55 in a round of golf, a record that captivated the golfing world and set a benchmark for players to aspire to. This feat demonstrated Blancos' exceptional skill and paved the way for future golf achievements.

1929 - The U-2 Incident: Francis Gary Powers' Conviction

In 1960, CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers was captured and convicted of espionage by the Soviet Union after his U-2 spy plane was shot down. He was sentenced to three years in prison, served 17 months, and was exchanged for a Soviet KGB officer.

The U-2 Incident: Francis Gary Powers' Conviction

1927 - The Historic Election of Tadeusz Mazowiecki in 1989

In 1989, Tadeusz Mazowiecki made history by becoming Poland's first non-communist Prime Minister post-World War II, shaping the country's path to democracy after years of repression. His leadership marked a turning point in Polish and Eastern European history.

1925 - The Day Baseball Made History with Eddie Gaedel

In a groundbreaking moment for baseball on August 19, 1951, Eddie Gaedel became the shortest player ever to take the field, walking on four pitches as a pinch-hitter for the St. Louis Browns, thanks to the visionary Bill Veeck. This event reshaped perceptions of athletes in baseball.

The Day Baseball Made History with Eddie Gaedel

1925 - The Rise of Maung Maung: 7th President of Burma

In 1988, Maung Maung succeeded General Sein Lwin as the 7th President of Burma amidst a backdrop of widespread civil unrest and demands for democracy. His tenure promised reforms but faced significant challenges, leading to political instability and his eventual ousting.

1915 - The Tragic Sinking of the SS Arabic

The SS Arabic, a British ocean liner, was sunk by a German submarine in 1915 during World War I, resulting in the deaths of 44 people and creating a significant diplomatic incident between Britain and Germany.

1913 - Gerald Ford Wins Republican Nomination in 1976

In 1976, Gerald Ford secured the Republican presidential nomination at the Kansas City convention, aiming to unite a party recovering from the Watergate scandal and setting the stage for a competitive election against Jimmy Carter.

Gerald Ford Wins Republican Nomination in 1976

1908 - Lyndon B. Johnson's 1961 Visit to West Berlin

In 1961, US Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson visited West Berlin amidst the tensions of the Cold War, signifying support for the city and its people. His visit aimed to bolster U.S. commitment against communism and foster US-German relations during a tumultuous era.

Lyndon B. Johnson's 1961 Visit to West Berlin

1907 - Jimmie Foxx's Remarkable Pitching Debut in 1945

On August 2, 1945, Jimmie Foxx, the legendary slugger, made history by pitching for the Philadelphia Phillies against the Cincinnati Reds. At 37 years old, he pitched an impressive seven innings, winning the game and showcasing his remarkable versatility. This event solidified Foxx's legacy in baseball.

Jimmie Foxx's Remarkable Pitching Debut in 1945

1904 - Ralph Bunche Named Undersecretary of the UN in 1954

In 1954, Ralph Bunche became the first African American appointed as Undersecretary of the United Nations, marking a significant milestone in international diplomacy and representation. His work in global peace efforts continues to inspire future generations.

Ralph Bunche Named Undersecretary of the UN in 1954

1900 - Lefty Grove's Record-Tying Win in 1931

In 1931, Lefty Grove achieved the remarkable feat of winning his 16th consecutive game, tying the American League record. This event showcased Grove's talent as a pitcher and solidified his legacy in baseball history.

1898 - Frisch's Umbrella Ejection: A Baseball Uproar

In 1941, baseball umpire Jocko Conlan ejected manager Frankie Frisch for brandishing an umbrella on the field to request a rainout. This quirky incident remains a memorable moment in baseball history, showcasing the humor and tension within the sport.

Frisch's Umbrella Ejection: A Baseball Uproar

1897 - The Dawn of Electric Taxis in London: 1897

In 1897, London introduced the world's first electric taxis, marking a significant advancement in urban transportation. These innovative vehicles offered cleaner, quieter rides, paving the way for the modern electric vehicle movement.

1892 - Afghanistan's Declaration of Independence in 1919

In 1919, Afghanistan declared independence from nearly 100 years of British control after the Third Anglo-Afghan War. King Amanullah Khan played a pivotal role in this declaration, aiming to modernize the nation and secure its sovereignty in the international arena.

1890 - The Battle of Stalingrad: Turning Point of World War II

The Battle of Stalingrad, a crucial confrontation in World War II, was initiated by General Friedrich Paulus's orders to capture the city. This fierce battle ultimately led to a significant defeat for the German 6th Army, marking a turning point in the war.

The Battle of Stalingrad: Turning Point of World War II

1886 - Ty Cobb Achieves 3,000 Hits in 1921

On July 18, 1921, Ty Cobb became the youngest player to achieve 3,000 hits, marking a significant milestone in baseball history during a game against the Boston Red Sox, showcasing his legendary career with the Detroit Tigers.

Ty Cobb Achieves 3,000 Hits in 1921

1884 - Record High for the Dow Jones in 1993

On November 10, 1993, the Dow Jones Industrial Average reached a record high of 3612.13, signaling economic optimism during the 1990s tech boom, shaped by technological advancements and increased consumer confidence.

1882 - The Premiere of Percy Grainger's 'Shepherd's Hey' in 1912

In 1912, Percy Grainger premiered his lively orchestral piece, 'Shepherd's Hey', a hallmark of integrating English folk music into classical repertoire. This significant work showcased the vibrant spirit of rural England and highlighted Grainger's innovative approach to composition.

1882 - The 1953 Coup: Overthrow of Iran's Prime Minister Mosaddegh

In 1953, Iran's Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh was overthrown in a coup orchestrated by the UK and the US, marking a significant turning point in Iranian politics and international relations. This covert operation had lasting repercussions on Iran's sovereignty and its relationship with the West.

The 1953 Coup: Overthrow of Iran's Prime Minister Mosaddegh

1874 - Churchill Visits Montgomery in 1942

In August 1942, Winston Churchill visited Field Marshal Montgomery's headquarters in Burg-al-Arab, Egypt, to assess the dire situation of the North African campaign and boost morale amidst the looming threat of Axis forces.

Churchill Visits Montgomery in 1942

1868 - Nicholas II and the Installation of the Duma in 1905

In 1905, Tsar Nicholas II established the Imperial Duma in response to social unrest, intending to introduce a semblance of democratic governance. However, it lacked legislative power, leading to growing discontent and paving the way for future revolutions.

Nicholas II and the Installation of the Duma in 1905

1856 - Woodrow Wilson's Call for Neutrality in 1914

In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson urged the American people to remain neutral during World War I, emphasizing the importance of peace and non-involvement in foreign conflicts. His message reflected the isolationist sentiment of the time, aiming to keep America out of European hostilities.

Woodrow Wilson's Call for Neutrality in 1914

1848 - The Discovery of Gold in California: A New Era Begins

In 1848, the New York Herald reported the discovery of gold in California, initiating the legendary Gold Rush. This monumental event spurred mass migration, economic transformation, and a cultural melting pot, fundamentally shaping the American West.

The Discovery of Gold in California: A New Era Begins
The Discovery of Gold in California: A New Era Begins
The Discovery of Gold in California: A New Era Begins

1834 - Dmitri Mendeleev's Historic Balloon Flight

In 1887, chemist Dmitri Mendeleev made a groundbreaking solo balloon ascent over Klin, Russia, reaching 11,500 feet to observe a solar eclipse, showcasing his adventurous spirit and dedication to scientific inquiry.

Dmitri Mendeleev's Historic Balloon Flight

1809 - Anchoring at Angra - The HMS Beagle in 1836

In 1836, HMS Beagle, famous for its voyage with Charles Darwin, anchored at Angra do Heroísmo in the Azores. This stopover was crucial for resupply and offered Darwin vital insights into the rich biodiversity of the islands, shaping his future scientific explorations.

1789 - The Birth of Photography: The Daguerreotype Process

In 1839, Louis Daguerre unveiled the daguerreotype photographic process in Paris, offering detailed instructions free to the world. This innovative technique marked a pivotal moment in photography, democratizing visual art and allowing people to capture reality like never before.

The Birth of Photography: The Daguerreotype Process
The Birth of Photography: The Daguerreotype Process
The Birth of Photography: The Daguerreotype Process

1768 - The Founding of Saint Isaac's Cathedral in 1768

In 1768, Saint Isaac's Cathedral was founded in Saint Petersburg under the reign of Catherine the Great, marking a significant achievement in Russian architecture. This majestic cathedral remains a symbol of Russia's imperial history today.

1691 - The Battle at Slankamen: The Bloodiest Clash of 1691

The Battle at Slankamen in 1691 was a pivotal clash where the Austrian Hapsburg forces defeated the Ottoman army, resulting in the death of Grand Vizier Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha and marking it as one of the bloodiest battles of the century.

1542 - Mary Queen of Scots Assumes the Throne in 1561

In 1561, Mary Queen of Scots returned to Scotland after 13 years in France. Her arrival marked a turning point as she assumed the throne amid political turmoil and religious strife, navigating a kingdom divided and her own claims to power.

Mary Queen of Scots Assumes the Throne in 1561

1500 - The Siege of Marseilles (1524)

The Siege of Marseilles in 1524 emblemizes a crucial power struggle in early 16th century France during the Italian Wars, where Emperor Charles V's forces attempted to capture the strategic port city, only to face fierce resistance from its defenders.

The Siege of Marseilles (1524)

1239 - Coronation of Edward I in 1274

On August 17, 1274, Edward I was crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey after his return from the Ninth Crusade. This event marked a significant turning point in English history, leading to Edward's impactful reign characterized by military campaigns and reforms.

Coronation of Edward I in 1274

1208 - Censorship of Hebrew Writing by King James I of Aragon

In 1263, King James I of Aragon imposed censorship on Hebrew writings, reflecting the tensions of religious communities in medieval Spain. This act hindered Jewish scholarship, pushing many to seek freedom elsewhere and ultimately shaping the cultural landscape of Jewish thought.

63 BC - Octavian Elected Consul in 43 BC

In 43 BC, Octavian, later known as Augustus, was elected consul by the Roman Senate, marking a crucial turning point in Roman history as he navigated the political landscape following Julius Caesar's assassination.

Octavian Elected Consul in 43 BC