What happened today in history?

Ivan F. Boesky, the notorious American stockbroker known for his insider trading violations, passed away on September 29, 2024, at the age of 87. His life reflects the complex interplay of ambition and ethics in finance.

Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, the esteemed German soccer defender known for his time with 1. FC Köln and AC Milan, has passed away at 85. A stalwart of the West German national team with 47 caps, his legacy in soccer endures.

Phil Sharpe, a notable English cricket batsman who played 12 Test matches, passed away at 77. He is remembered for his impressive batting skills with Yorkshire and Derbyshire, leaving a lasting legacy in the cricket world.

Rick Hummel, a celebrated American sports writer known for his work with the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, passed away at 77. His legacy lives on through his impactful journalism and contributions to the world of sports writing.

2023 Sante Ranucci, Italian cyclist (gold UCI World C'ships amateur road race 1955), dies at 89

Terry McDermott, an American speed skater who won a gold medal in the 500m event at the 1964 Olympics and a silver in 1968, sadly passed away at the age of 82 in October 2023, leaving a rich legacy in the world of sports.

Roger Angell, a prominent American literary editor and baseball journalist for The New Yorker, died in 2022 at age 101 due to congestive heart failure. His writing left a significant mark on baseball journalism and literature.

2021 Florian Pilkington-Miksa, English rock drummer (Curved Air), and sculptor, dies of pneumonia at 70

Freddy Marks, a beloved English actor, singer, and entertainer best known for 'Rod, Jane and Freddy,' passed away from cancer at the age of 71. His vibrant career brought joy to generations of children and left a lasting legacy in children's entertainment.

Roger Hawkins, the legendary drummer of the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section, passed away on September 19, 2021, leaving behind a rich legacy of collaboration with music icons like Aretha Franklin and Wilson Pickett. His rhythmic contributions will resonate in the music world forever.

Sándor Puhl, legendary Hungarian soccer referee known for officiating the 1994 FIFA World Cup Final and 1997 UEFA Champions League Final, passed away in 2021 at 65, leaving behind a remarkable legacy in the world of soccer.

Howard Curtis Nielson, a prominent American politician who served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1983 to 1991, passed away on July 24, 2020, at the age of 95, leaving behind a rich legacy of public service and community engagement in Utah.

Stephen A. DiMauro, an influential figure in thoroughbred racing, passed away in 2020 at age 87 after battling cancer. Known for his skill as a jockey and later as a trainer and breeder, his legacy continues to inspire the racing community.

2019 Andrew Hall, English actor (Butterflies - "Russell"), and theater director, dies of cancer at 65

1996 Lewis B Combs, American civil engineer and US Navy officer (1917-45), founding member and commander of the "Seabees", dies at 101

2018 Dieter Schnebel, German experimental composer (Harley-Davidson, for nine motorbikes and trumpet), dies at 88

Patricia Morison, the celebrated American actress known for her roles in 'Kiss Me, Kate' and 'Peyton Place,' passed away at the age of 103 in 2018. Her remarkable career spanned theater and film, leaving an indelible mark on the entertainment industry.

Jimmy Dale, a beloved British-Canadian pianist and orchestra leader known for his work on The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, passed away in 2017 at the age of 81. His musical talent and charm left a lasting impact on the entertainment industry.

Brian Cubbon, a prominent British senior civil servant, passed away on April 13, 2015, at the age of 87. His extensive career in the UK’s civil service left a lasting legacy of public service and reform, inspiring many in the field.

Anders Eliasson, a renowned Swedish contemporary classical composer, passed away in 2013. His innovative works combined traditional and modern elements, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of classical music.

Miloslav Kříž, a prominent figure in basketball coaching, passed away in 2013 at the age of 88. He greatly influenced the Czech Women's team and the German Men's team, leaving behind a powerful legacy in European basketball.

Ray Manzarek, the iconic keyboardist of The Doors, passed away on May 20, 2013, from cancer at the age of 74, leaving an indelible mark on rock music with his influential sounds and unforgettable hits.

The music world lost a gem with the passing of Robert DiDomenica on March 26, 2013, at 86. An acclaimed flautist, composer, and educator, his legacy continues to inspire musicians to this day.

Abdel Basset Ali Al-Megrahi, convicted for the 1988 Lockerbie bombing, died from prostate cancer on May 20, 2012, at 60. His death reignited debates about justice and the implications of his earlier compassionate release.

2012 Robert Nix, American drummer and songwriter (Roy Orbison; Atlanta Rhythm Section - "So Into You"; "Imaginary Lover"), dies at 67

2010 Leonard Wolfson, Baron Wolfson, English businessman (GUS - Great Universal Stores), multi-millionaire, and philanthropist, dies at 82

Arthur Erickson was a renowned Canadian architect born in 1924, known for his innovative designs that harmonized with nature. His legacy continues to resonate in contemporary architecture following his death in 2009.

Lucy Gordon was a British actress and model who captivated audiences with her talent and beauty. Tragically passing away in 2009, her legacy and contributions to film and charity continue to inspire many.

Ali Sadikin, the influential governor of Jakarta from 1966 to 1977, passed away in 2008 at the age of 79. His policies transformed the city’s infrastructure and improved the quality of life for many residents, leaving a significant legacy in Indonesian politics.

Hamilton Jordan, a prominent American political advisor and White House Chief of Staff under President Carter, passed away from cancer in 2008 at the age of 63. His influence on American politics remains significant.

Norman Von Nida, a celebrated Australian golfer, coach, and broadcaster, died in 2007 at age 93. He is best remembered for his strong performance in the 1948 British Open and his significant contributions to the sport, shaping the future of golf in Australia.

2007 Stanley Miller, American chemist (created 'primordial soup' experiment to show how life might have originated on earth), dies at 77

J.D. Cannon, a versatile American actor known for his roles in 'McCloud', 'Ike', and 'Call to Glory', passed away at 83 in 2005. His unique voice and charismatic performances left a lasting impact on television and film.

2005 Paul Ricoeur, French philosopher (b. 1913)

2005 William Seawell, United States Army Brigadier General (b. 1918)

Lord Murray of Epping Forest, a distinguished British labour politician and union leader, passed away in 2004 at 82 due to emphysema and pneumonia. His legacy endures through his significant contributions to worker's rights and the Labour Party.

2001 Renato Carosone, Italian canzone napoletana singer, pianist, songwriter ("Tu vuò fà l'americano" - "You Want to Be American"), and accordionist, dies at 81

Jean-Pierre Rampal, the influential French classical flautist known for his pioneering work in merging classical and jazz styles, passed away on April 20, 2000, at the age of 72 from heart failure. His legacy continues to inspire musicians worldwide.

Robert Rhodes James was a British politician and historian known for his significant works on military history, especially concerning the Gallipoli Campaign. His insights shaped the discourse in both history and politics until his death in 1999 at the age of 66.

1998 Robert Normann, Norwegian jazz guitar pioneer, accordionist, and composer, dies at 81

Virgilio Barco Vargas, Colombia's President from 1986 to 1990 and renowned engineer, passed away on April 4, 1997. His legacy in political reform and peace initiatives remains influential in modern Colombia.

Eric Davidson, a celebrated comedy scriptwriter, passed away in 1996 at age 65. Renowned for his sharp wit and influential work on television, his legacy continues to inspire comedians and writers today.

George Malcolm Thomson, a distinguished British journalist, passed away in 1996 at the age of 96, leaving behind a rich legacy of integrity and insightful reporting. His contributions to journalism continue to inspire aspiring reporters today.

1996 Jack Wyngaard, South African dancer (London City Ballet, 1986-96), dies of a heart attack at 37

Janaki Ramachandran, the first female Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, passed away in 1996 at 72. Known for her significant contribution to women's welfare, her legacy continues to inspire future generations in politics.

Jon Pertwee, the beloved Third Doctor from Doctor Who, passed away on April 20, 1996, at the age of 76. His contributions as an actor and entertainer, including memorable roles like Worzel Gummidge, continue to resonate with fans today.

1996 Julius Marmur, American biochemist and geneticist (DNA research), dies at 70

Dallas Pratt, a notable American collector and curator, passed away in 1994 at the age of 79. His legacy includes the establishment of The American Museum in Britain, which showcases the rich tapestry of American art and culture.

Vivien John, an influential English painter and daughter of Augustus John, passed away at 79 in 1994. Her artistic legacy, known for vivid landscapes and portraits, continues to inspire future generations.

Max Klein, the inventor of the iconic paint by numbers kits, passed away in 1993 at the age of 77. His innovative approach made art accessible to everyone, inspiring generations of hobbyists and changing how we view artistic expression.

Julián Orbón, a renowned Cuban composer and educator, died of cancer in 1991 at the age of 65. His innovative compositions and dedication to music education left a lasting legacy on Cuban music that continues to inspire future generations.

Pete Runnels, a celebrated American baseball infielder and manager, died from a stroke on December 29, 1991, at the age of 63. Known for his remarkable batting skills and contributions to teams like the Boston Red Sox, Runnels remains a beloved figure in baseball history.

1989 Erzsébet Galgoczi, Hungarian writer, dies at 58

Gilda Radner, a pioneering comedian known for her work on SNL, died at 42 from ovarian cancer. Her legacy as a trailblazer for female comedians continues to inspire generations, influencing both comedy and women's health awareness.

John R. Hicks, the renowned English economist and Nobel laureate, passed away at the age of 85 in 1989. His contributions greatly influenced modern economic theory, particularly through the IS-LM model and welfare economics.

René Defossez, a revered Belgian composer and educator, passed away in 1988 at the age of 82. His contributions to music composition and education have left an indelible mark in the Belgian cultural landscape, inspiring future generations.

Bernard Naylor, a remarkable English-Canadian organist, conductor, and composer, passed away at the age of 78 on July 26, 1986. His contributions to music education and classical compositions left a lasting legacy in the musical community.

Willem Pee, a prominent Belgian linguist, died in 1986 at the age of 83, leaving a lasting legacy in the field of linguistics with his insights into syntax and morphology.

George Memmoli, an American actor known for his role as Earl in 'Hello Larry', passed away at the age of 46 in 1985. His unique comedic talent and impactful contributions to television continue to be remembered by fans today.

Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, the distinguished Dutch painter, etcher, and ceramist, passed away on April 21, 1985, at the age of 92. His profound impact on art is still recognized today, showcasing a unique blend of creativity spanning across various mediums.

Peter Bull, a celebrated British actor known for roles in 'The African Queen' and 'Dr Strangelove', passed away at 72 from a heart attack in 1984, leaving behind a rich film legacy that continues to inspire future generations.

Clair Bee, an influential American college basketball coach from Long Island University, passed away in 1983 at 87. He led LIU to multiple victories, including an undefeated season in 1936, and remains a legendary figure in basketball history.

Ivan Harold Browning, an iconic American actor and singer known for his role in 'Shuffle Along', passed away in 1978 at the age of 87. His performances, especially 'I'm Just Wild About Harry', left a lasting legacy in musical theatre.

1976 Syd Howe, Canadian Hockey HOF left wing (Stanley Cup 1936, 37, 43 Detroit Red Wings), dies from throat cancer at 64

In 1976, Uruguayan politicians Zelmar Michelini and Héctor Gutiérrez Ruiz disappeared under suspicious circumstances amid a military dictatorship, highlighting the state's brutal tactics against dissenters. Their cases still resonate today in discussions on human rights and accountability in political governance.

Barbara Hepworth, acclaimed English abstract artist and sculptor, tragically died in an accidental fire at her Trewyn studios in 1975. This unforeseen event marked a somber day in the art world, culminating in the loss of both her life and remarkable creations.

1975 Jacques Stehman, Belgian pianist and composer (Symphonie de poche), dies at 62

In 1973, the promising Finnish motorcycle racer Jarno Saarinen tragically died at just 27 during a race at Monza, Italy. His legacy influenced safety regulations in the sport and left a lasting impact on the racing community.

Cornelis Jakob van der Klauw, a significant Dutch biologist and zoologist, died in 1972 at the age of 78 after a remarkable career contributing to animal behavior and physiology studies.

Martín Dihigo, a two-way baseball legend, passed away on March 20, 1971. Celebrated for his achievements in the Negro Leagues and Cuban League, he was a two-time All-Star and a four-time MVP, leaving behind a legacy that inspires athletes today.

1971 Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (b. 1904)

Fred Sherman, beloved American actor known for his role in 'Chain Lightning', tragically passed away from a stroke at age 64 in 1969. His impactful performances continue to resonate, inspiring future generations of actors.

1969 Royal Beal, American actor (Death of a Salesman), dies of cancer at 69

Albert Hartkopf, born in Queensland in 1931, was an Australian cricketer known for his singular Test match appearance in 1959. He died in 1968 at age 36, leaving behind a legacy remembered by cricket enthusiasts in Australia.

Kees van Dongen, the esteemed Dutch-French painter known for his striking Fauvist style, passed away at the age of 91 in 1968. His legacy lies in his vibrant use of color and emotional expression in art, inspiring generations of artists.

Rudy Lewis, celebrated American pop vocalist of The Drifters, tragically passed away in 1964 at age 27 from a probable drug overdose, leaving behind an unforgettable legacy with hits like 'Up On The Roof' and 'On Broadway.'

Josef "Pips" Priller, a famed German WWII fighter ace with 101 aerial victories, passed away from a heart attack at age 65 in 1961, leaving behind a powerful legacy in aviation and military history.

1961 Nannie Helen Burroughs, American educator and civil rights activist (founded National Training School for Women and Girls), dies at 82

Audrey Wurdemann, a notable American poet and Pulitzer Prize winner for her work 'Bright Ambush', dies at the age of 49 in 1960. Her legacy continues to inspire future poets, highlighting the emotional depth and beauty of her verses.

Alfred Schütz, an impactful Austrian-American architect and philosopher, passed away in 1959. His contributions to architecture and social theory left a lasting legacy, emphasizing the human experience in design and space.

André Eugène Maurice Charlot, a celebrated French actor known for his role in Summer Storm, passed away in 1956. His legacy and contributions to cinema continue to influence actors today, ensuring he is remembered as a vital figure in film history.

In 1956, the world lost Max Beerbohm, an English caricaturist and writer renowned for his sharp wit and artistic prowess. His influence as a parodist continues to resonate, leaving behind a rich legacy in art and literature.

1951 Jan Ingenhoven, Dutch composer and conductor, dies at 74

1949 Randolph West, American biochemist, known for the Dakin-West reaction (b. 1890)

Philipp Lenard, an influential Austrian physicist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1905 for his research in cathode rays, died at the age of 84 on May 20, 1947. His legacy remains significant in the field of physics, despite controversies concerning his later beliefs.

Jacob Ellehammer was a Danish watchmaker and inventor, best known for his pioneering work in powered flight. He passed away in 1946, leaving a lasting legacy in aviation innovation.

Hector Guimard, a French Art Nouveau architect known for his stunning Paris Metro entrances, passed away in 1942. His work remains a defining influence on the architectural landscape of Paris and is celebrated for its unique artistry and integration with nature.

Amar Singh, a pioneering Indian all-rounder and the first to score a half-century in Test cricket, tragically died of pneumonia at the age of 29 in 1940. His contributions to Indian cricket continue to inspire future generations.

Joris van Severen, a prominent Flemish politician and founder of the Alliance of Dietsche National Solidarists, passed away at 45 in 1940. His advocacy for Flemish nationalism left a significant impact on the political landscape of Belgium.

In 1940, Verner von Heidenstam, a notable Swedish poet and novelist, died at the age of 80. His literary works earned him the Nobel Prize in 1916, leaving a lasting legacy in Swedish literature.

1939 Joe Carr, American Pro Football HOF contributor (NFL President 1921-39), dies from a heart attack at 59

Jacob van Schevichaven, a notable Dutch lawyer and detective writer, died in 1935 at the age of 68. His legacy in the world of literature continues to inspire authors and readers alike, blending law with gripping narratives.

In 1932, India lost a great leader when Bipin Chandra Pal, a key figure in the independence movement, passed away at 73. His contributions to nationalism and the Swadeshi movement continue to resonate in contemporary India.

James 'Bubber' Miley, an influential jazz trumpeter known for his work with Duke Ellington, tragically died from tuberculosis at 29 in 1932, leaving a profound impact on the jazz music landscape.

Dick Pougher, an English cricketer known for his remarkable yet brief cricketing career, died on September 27, 1926. His only Test match in 1892 showcased his skill with both bat and ball, leaving a lasting albeit small legacy in cricket history.

Elias Ammons, former Governor of Colorado, known for his controversial involvement in labor disputes and the Ludlow Massacre, died in 1925 at age 64. His legacy is marked by the challenges of balancing industrial interests and workers' rights during a tumultuous era.

In 1923, the scientific world mourned the death of Hans Goldschmidt, a pioneering German chemist acclaimed for inventing the thermite reaction, which transformed industrial metallurgy and chemical processes. His enduring legacy still influences modern chemistry today.

Philipp von Ferrary, an iconic Italian philatelist, passed away in 1917, leaving behind the most complete stamp collection in the world. His legacy continues to inspire philately enthusiasts today.

Valentine Fleming was a Scottish politician born in 1887. A dedicated member of the Conservative Party, he tragically died in 1917 during World War I, leaving a legacy that inspired future generations, including the famed author Ian Fleming.

E. M. Grace, an English cricket all-rounder, passed away in 1911 at the age of 69. Known for his contributions to Gloucestershire CCC and one Test match, his legacy as a remarkable player endures in cricket history.

The death of Jean-Baptiste Theodore Weckerlin on October 13, 1910, marked a significant loss in French music. Known for his choral works and operas, he left behind a legacy that continues to inspire musicians today.

In 1909, the entertainment industry lost Ernest Hogan, a pioneering blackface comedian and musician. His work significantly impacted American theater despite the complex racial issues of his performances.

In 1900, the renowned composer Gustav Heinrich Graben-Hoffman passed away at the age of 80. His legacy in classical music continues to inspire and influence artists today, marking a significant loss to the musical community.

William Chambers, a prominent Scottish author and publisher known for his contributions to affordable literature and education, passed away in 1883, leaving a lasting legacy in the literary world.

1880 Eugene LFC prince the Ligne, Belgian prince of Ambise, dies at 76

Harold of Schleswig-Holstein, grandson of Queen Victoria, tragically passed away at just eight days old in 1876. His brief life casts a shadow on royal celebrations and highlights the fragility of human life in the royal context.

Khristo Botev, a renowned Bulgarian poet and revolutionary, died in battle on June 1, 1876. His powerful poetry and heroic stance against Ottoman rule have made him a national hero, symbolizing the quest for freedom and patriotism in Bulgarian history.

Amalia of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece and wife of King Otto, died in 1875 at 58. Renowned for her charitable works and educational reforms, she left a lasting legacy in Greece, marked by her compassion and dedication to social progress.

This article explores the life and death of George-Étienne Cartier, a French Canadian statesman, who passed away on May 20, 1873. His contributions to Canadian history as a joint Prime Minister and advocate for French Canadian rights remain significant.

John Clare, an influential English poet known for his vivid depictions of rural life, died in 1864 at the age of 70. His legacy lives on through his heartfelt poetry that beautifully showcases the connection between humans and nature.

Mary Lamb, the celebrated British writer known for 'Tales from Shakespeare,' died at the age of 82 in 1847. Her collaboration with her brother Charles brought the classics to youth, crafting a legacy that continues to influence literature today.

Joseph Blanco White, a renowned theological writer, died in 1841. His works on faith and reason deeply influenced 19th-century thought. This piece explores his legacy and the circumstances of his death.

Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert de Motier, better known as Lafayette, passed away on May 20, 1834. He was a key figure in the American and French revolutions, championing liberty and equality. His legacy continues to inspire those fighting for democracy today.

Papaflessas was a pivotal figure in the Greek War of Independence, known for his leadership as a priest and government official. He died in 1825 during the fight against Ottoman rule, leaving behind a strong legacy as a martyr and inspiration for freedom.

Ignác Martinovics, a Hungarian physicist and revolutionary, was beheaded in 1795 for his part in advocating for social reform and participating in the revolutionary movement against the Habsburg monarchy. His legacy endures as a symbol of resistance and commitment to scientific inquiry.

Charles Bonnet, a Swiss naturalist and writer, died in 1793 at the age of 73. His insightful contributions to natural history and philosophy have left a lasting legacy in the scientific community, influencing future generations of biologists and philosophers.

Carlo Giovanni Testori, an Italian violinist, composer, and musicologist, died in 1782 at the age of 68. His legacy includes significant contributions to music pedagogy and his influential work, La musica raggionata, shaping the future of music education.

On the occasion of his passing in 1782, Christoph Gottlieb Schröter, a renowned German organist and composer, left an indelible mark on music even as he invented the tangent piano, a precursor to modern keyboards.

William Emerson, a prominent British mathematician born in 1701, passed away in 1782, leaving a significant legacy in mathematical education and theory. His work continues to influence generations of mathematicians.

Domingo Miguel Bernaube Terradellas, a notable Spanish composer, passed away at the age of 38 in 1751. His contributions to music, particularly in opera, left a lasting impact on Spanish classical music despite his untimely death.

1732 Thomas Boston, Scottish church leader (b. 1676)

Sébastien Vaillant, born in 1669, was a distinguished French botanist whose innovative research on plant reproduction and classification enriched the field of botany. He passed away in 1722, leaving a lasting legacy in the scientific community.

John Trevor, a prominent British statesman born in 1637, passed away in 1717. His career marked by significant contributions to British politics ended, leaving a legacy of integrity and dedication to public service.

Thomas Sprat, an influential English writer and historian, passed away in 1713. His work with the Royal Society and his advocacy for clear scientific communication left a lasting impact on literature. Known for his historical writings, his legacy continues to inspire today.

George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, an influential English statesman who played a significant role during the English Civil War, died in 1677 at about 65. His political maneuvers and contributions to governance reflect a complex legacy in British history.

Joris van der Hagen, a notable Dutch landscape painter, died in 1669. His ability to encapsulate the beauty of nature significantly influenced the landscape genre during the Dutch Golden Age. Despite his passing, his legacy remains strong in the art world.

Francesco Sacrati, a notable Italian composer of the Baroque era, passed away in 1650 at the age of 44. His contributions to opera and sacred music influenced generations of composers, and his innovative style left a lasting mark on the musical landscape.

Władysław IV Vasa, the King of Poland from 1632 to 1648, died at the age of 52 from kidney stones. His reign was characterized by military and cultural achievements, but his unexpected death led to a political vacuum and subsequent unrest in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Osman II, the young Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, met a tragic end at the age of 17 after his ambitious reforms led to rebellion and his subsequent execution in 1622. His short reign is a poignant tale of power struggles and the fragility of youth and authority in a vast empire.

The death of Dutch commander Matthijs Heldt in 1597 during the Eighty Years' War highlights his bravery and commitment to the fight for Dutch independence. His sacrifice inspired future generations and cemented his legacy as a pivotal figure in military history.

The death of Ashikaga Yoshiharu in 1550 marked a significant turning point in Japanese history, as this last shogun of the Ashikaga lineage struggled against powerful feudal lords during the turbulent Warring States period. His demise led to the eventual rise of Japan's unifiers.

Catharina Sforza, born in 1463, was a notable Italian duchess and fierce leader. Known for her remarkable resilience and strategic acumen, she bravely defended Forli and left a lasting legacy upon her death in 1509.

The death of Lorenzo de' Medici in 1503 marked the end of an era for the Italian Renaissance, impacting the arts profoundly. As a leading patron, his influence transformed Florence into a vibrant cultural center, inspiring generations of artists and thinkers.

Peter, Duke of Coimbra, a prominent figure in 15th century Portugal, died in 1449. A skilled writer known for his work 'Virtuosa Benfeitoria', his life and contributions to literature and politics shaped the era's cultural landscape.

Bernardino of Siena, an influential Italian priest and Franciscan missionary, passed away in 1444 at the age of 63. He is renowned for his powerful sermons and writings that inspired many in the Catholic faith.

The death of John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus, in 1285 marked the end of a significant reign characterized by attempts to stabilize his kingdom amidst political turmoil. His legacy influenced the future leaders of the region.

Pope John XXI, also known as Petrus Juliani, was the first Portuguese Pope, reigning briefly from 1276 until his death in 1277. A noted scholar and physician, his papacy emphasized education and reform, but was tragically cut short by a fatal accident.

685 King Ecgfrith of Northumbria, dies fighting the Picts at the Battle of Nechtansmere (b. 645)