What happened today in history?

J.D. Souther, the revered American singer and songwriter known for hits like 'Heartache Tonight' and 'New Kid In Town', passed away in 2024 at the age of 78. His legacy in the music world remains profound as both a solo artist and collaborator.

Ronnie McKinnon, the renowned Scottish soccer defender, known for his time with Rangers FC and the national team, passed away at the age of 83. His remarkable contributions and legacy in football are celebrated and remembered fondly by fans.

Maarten Schmidt, a pioneering Dutch-American astronomer known for identifying the first quasar, passed away in 2022 at the age of 92. His contributions to astronomy have reshaped our understanding of the cosmos, inspiring future generations of scientists.

2021 Michael J. Fitzgerald, American technical writer and novelist (Song of Falling Leaves), dies at 63

Roger Brown, a College Football Hall of Fame defensive tackle known for his remarkable career with the Detroit Lions and LA Rams, passed away at the age of 84 on August 3, 2021. His legacy as a six-time Pro-Bowl player and a mentor to future generations remains impactful.

Robert W. Gore, the inventor of GORE-TEX, passed away at 82 in 2020. His innovation revolutionized outdoor apparel and medical applications. Gore's legacy lives on through the ongoing use of GORE-TEX technology across various industries.

Terry Goodkind, the renowned American epic fantasy novelist known for 'The Sword of Truth', passed away in 2020 at 72. His impactful stories and deep philosophical themes continue to resonate with readers worldwide.

Corrine 'Cokie' Roberts, a renowned American journalist and pioneering newscaster, died on September 17, 2019, at 75 due to metastatic breast cancer. Her legacy includes significant contributions to ABC, NPR, PBS, and her influential writings highlighting women's roles in history.

Harold Mabern Jr., an influential American post-bop jazz pianist and composer, died on September 17, 2019, at the age of 83. Known for his rich sound and technical skill, his legacy continues to inspire generations in the world of jazz.

Bob Holland, an accomplished Australian cricket spin bowler, passed away in 2017 at 70 due to brain cancer. He played 11 Tests and took 34 wickets, leaving a lasting legacy in cricket.

Bobby 'The Brain' Heenan, a prolific pro wrestling manager and color commentator, passed away from throat cancer in 2017 at the age of 72, leaving behind a significant legacy in the wrestling world.

Laudir de Oliveira, a legendary Brazilian percussionist known for his work with Sérgio Mendes and the band Chicago, tragically passed away on stage at 77. His legacy in music and contributions to various genres will always be remembered.

Charmian Carr, best known as Liesl in 'The Sound of Music', passed away on September 17, 2016. Her unforgettable performance brought joy to millions, and her legacy as an actress and author continues to inspire.

David Willcocks, an iconic English conductor and composer, passed away at 95, leaving a profound legacy in choral music, particularly through his work with the King's College Choir and numerous compositions that continue to resonate today.

Peter Heatly, a celebrated Scottish diver and Chairman of the Commonwealth Games Federation, passed away at 91 on April 19, 2015. His legacy includes significant achievements in diving and contributions to sports administration, inspiring future generations.

China Zorrilla, the legendary Uruguayan actress, filmmaker and writer, passed away at 92 on September 17, 2014. Her remarkable contributions to theater and cinema left a lasting legacy that continues to inspire artists across the globe.

George Hamilton IV, an iconic American country musician, passed away in 2014 at the age of 77 from complications of a heart attack. He was beloved for hits like "Abilene" and was a major influence in the genre, leaving a lasting legacy in music history.

Marvin Rainwater, a celebrated American country and rockabilly singer, passed away at the age of 88 from heart failure on January 17, 2013. His unique blend of music left a permanent mark on the industry, making him a beloved figure in the music community.

Russell E. Train, a revered American environmentalist and key administrator of the EPA and WWF, passed away at 92 in 2012. His legacy in environmental protection and conservation efforts continues to inspire future generations.

Charles H. Percy, a prominent American businessman and politician from Illinois, served as a U.S. Senator from 1967 to 1985. He passed away at 91 on September 17, 2011, leaving behind a legacy of bipartisan cooperation and dedication to social progress.

Colin Madigan, a revered Australian architect known for his work on the National Gallery of Australia, passed away on November 12, 2011, at the age of 90. His legacy lives on through his groundbreaking designs and influence on modern architecture.

Bob Bouma, renowned Dutch TV host of 'Voor een briefkaart op de eerste rang', passed away at the age of 79 in 2009. He left a lasting legacy on Dutch television through his engaging storytelling and passion for exploring cultures around the world.

2009 Leon Kirchner, American contemporary classical composer (Pulitzer Prize for Music 1967), dies of congestive heart failure at 90

Noordin Mohammad Top, a prominent Islamist terrorist, was killed in a police raid in Indonesia in 2009. His death marked a significant milestone in combating terrorism in Southeast Asia and reshaped regional counterterrorism strategies.

Alvin Wayne 'Al' Casey, a celebrated American rock and session guitarist, passed away on June 17, 2006, at 69. Known for his exceptional work with Duane Eddy and the Wrecking Crew, his legacy continues to inspire musicians today.

2006 Dorothy Stratton, American coast guard officer (1st woman officer in US Coast Guard, SPARS), dies at 108

Patricia Kennedy Lawford (1924-2006), born to the renowned Kennedy family, played a significant role in American social and political circles, championing causes and supporting her family's legacy while deeply engaged in philanthropic efforts.

Alfred Reed, a prominent American composer and educator, passed away in 2005 at the age of 84. Known for his remarkable contributions to classical music, Reed's work continues to inspire musicians and audiences alike.

Erich Hallhuber, a talented German actor known for his role in 'Café Meineid,' tragically passed away in 2003 at the age of 52 due to a seizure. He left a remarkable legacy in German television and theater, remembered for his warmth and dedication.

Ljubica Marić, a prominent Serbian composer and pianist, passed away at the age of 94 in 2003. Her remarkable works, including 'Songs Of Space' and 'Octoïcha', showcased her innovative style and dedication to music education, profoundly influencing the global music landscape.

Michael 'Dodo' Marmarosa, an influential American jazz pianist and composer known for his work with Artie Shaw, passed away at age 76. His innovative contributions to big band and bebop jazz left a lasting legacy in the music world.

Barry Shepherd, an Australian cricket batsman from Perth, played 9 Tests and scored 5 fifties for Western Australia. His impactful career was cut short when he passed away in 2001 at the age of 64, leaving behind a legacy appreciated in the cricketing world.

In 2001, Lou Dog, the celebrated Dalmatian mascot of the band Sublime, passed away at the age of 12. His spirit and playful demeanor left a lasting impression on fans and became an integral part of the band's identity.

Nicole Reinhart, a promising American cyclist, tragically died at the age of 24 during a race in Arlington, Massachusetts, after a fatal accident. Her legacy continues to inspire discussions about safety in cycling.

Frankie Vaughan, a beloved British pop singer known for songs like 'Give Me the Moonlight, Give Me the Girl', passed away from heart failure in 1999 at age 71. His legacy as a charismatic performer and philanthropist continues to resonate in the music world.

Ted Binion, a notable Las Vegas casino heir, died under mysterious circumstances in 1998. His death raised numerous questions and sparked legal battles, highlighting the darker side of the casino industry.

1998 William Hugh Albright, American composer and musician, dies at 53

Jan Peder Syse, the Prime Minister of Norway from 1989 to 1990, passed away on January 17, 1997. Known for his integrity and dedication, Syse made significant contributions to Norwegian politics that are still remembered today.

John Seldon Whale, a British theologian and lecturer, passed away in 1997 at the age of 100. His contributions to theology and education shaped modern religious studies and inspired countless individuals to explore their spirituality.

Red Skelton, the beloved American comedian, passed away on September 17, 1997, at the age of 84. Known for his remarkable performances on 'The Red Skelton Show,' he left an indelible mark on the world of comedy, creating characters and moments that continue to resonate today.

1996 Jessie Hill, American jazz musician (Ooh Poo Pah Doo), dies at 63

Grady Sutton, an American actor known for his roles in 'The Bank Dick' and 'The Pruitts of Southampton', passed away in 1995 at the age of 89. His impressive career left a lasting legacy in both film and television, inspiring future generations.

Lucien Victor, a talented Belgian road racing cyclist, passed away in 1995 at 64. Renowned for his cycling skills and contributions, he left a lasting legacy in the cycling community and inspired future generations of cyclists through his dedication to the sport.

Rabbi Yehuda Getz, a Tunisian-Israeli soldier and religious leader, passed away in 1995 at the age of 71 from a heart attack. His legacy continues to inspire many through his faith and community contributions.

Henk Figee, a renowned Dutch author known for his book 'Shoes of the Sea', passed away in 1994 at just 46 years old. His legacy in literature continues to inspire future generations of writers and readers alike.

Iris Adrian, an American actress recognized for her roles in films like 'Blue Hawaii' and 'Bluebeard,' passed away in 1994 at the age of 82. Her legacy as a talented actress and a pioneer for women in Hollywood lives on through her memorable performances.

John DeLaFose, an influential French-speaking zydeco musician, passed away in 1994 at the age of 55. His vibrant performances and unique sound contributed significantly to zydeco culture, firmly establishing his legacy in American music history.

On November 6, 1994, innovative architect Paul Nicholas Young passed away at the age of 47. His creative designs and dedication to sustainability left a lasting impact on architecture. His untimely death shocked many, highlighting what more he could have achieved.

Christian Nyby, an influential American director known for classics like "The Big Sleep" and "The Thing," passed away in 1993 at age 80. His unique style and storytelling reshaped horror and film noir, creating a lasting legacy in cinema history.

James Griffith, an acclaimed American actor known for his role as Sheriff of Cochise, passed away at 77 in 1993. His impactful career and memorable performances in TV and film have left a lasting legacy in the entertainment industry.

Feodor Chaliapin Jr., the renowned Russian actor known for acclaimed roles in 'The Name of the Rose' and 'The King's Whore,' passed away in 1992 at the age of 87. His rich legacy in theatre and cinema continues to inspire audiences today.

William A. Swanberg, a notable biographer of Henry Luce, passed away in 1992. His detailed storytelling and impactful biographies have left a lasting legacy in literature.

John Thomas, a key innovator and co-inventor of fiberglass, passed away in 1991 at the age of 83. His contributions revolutionized multiple industries, showcasing the power of innovation in materials science.

René-Charles "Zino" Francescatti was a celebrated French concert violinist whose remarkable career spanned several decades. Born in 1900, he captivated audiences with his performances and will be remembered for his contributions to classical music until his passing in 1991.

Jay Stewart, a renowned American TV and radio announcer known for 'Let's Make a Deal', tragically committed suicide in 1989 at the age of 71. His career spanned decades and left a lasting impact on television, highlighting the importance of mental health awareness.

Harry Locke was a notable British actor who contributed to cinema through iconic films like 'Passport to Pimlico' and 'Town on Trial'. His death in 1987 at 73 marked a significant loss for the industry, but his legacy continues to inspire future generations.

1986 Patricia "Pat" Phoenix, British actress (Coronation Street, L Shaped Room), dies of lung cancer at 62

Laura Ashley, the renowned Welsh fashion designer and co-founder of the iconic Laura Ashley brand, tragically died in a fall at her daughter's home in 1985. Her legacy as a pioneer in fashion lingers, with her unique style still influencing the industry today.

Richard Basehart, an iconic American actor known for his roles in film and television, passed away in 1984 at 70 after suffering strokes. His impactful performances and art continue to inspire generations of film enthusiasts.

Cardinal Humberto Madeiros, the Archbishop of Boston, passed away in 1983 after a life dedicated to faith and community service. His legacy lives on through his commitment to social justice and pastoral care.

David Dubinsky, a significant labor leader born in Belarus in 1892, passed away in 1982 at the age of 90. Renowned for his role in the ILGWU, he fought vigorously for workers' rights, receiving numerous accolades for his contributions to the labor movement.

Manos Loïzos, a celebrated Greek composer and leftist critic of the military junta, passed away in 1982 at the young age of 44 due to strokes. His music and activism made significant impacts on Greek culture.

Katherine A. Porter, a celebrated American author known for works like 'Ship of Fools', passed away in 1980 at the age of 90. Her literary contributions and poignant storytelling continue to inspire readers and writers alike.

Miloslav Kabeláč, a renowned Czech composer, died in 1979, leaving a rich musical legacy that blended tradition with innovation. His works continue to inspire musicians and celebrate Czech heritage.

Lou Hooper, a cherished Canadian jazz pianist and educator, passed away in 1977 at the age of 83. His contributions to the jazz scene and dedication to teaching have left a lasting legacy in the world of music.

André Dunoyer de Segonzac, the esteemed French painter and cartoonist, passed away at the age of 90 on December 20, 1974. His work, marked by vibrant colors and rich influences, continues to inspire artists today.

Hugo Winterhalter, an acclaimed American composer known for his innovative arrangements, passed away on August 17, 1973, at age 63. His distinct style left a lasting impact on popular music, inspiring generations of musicians.

Akim Tamiroff, a talented Armenian-Russian actor, passed away in 1972 at age 72. He is best known for his roles in classic films like Touch of Evil and For Whom the Bell Tolls, leaving a lasting legacy in cinema.

Fritz Wunderlich, a brilliant German tenor, tragically passed away at the age of 35 in 1966. His phenomenal talent in opera left a lasting legacy that continues to inspire musicians and audiences around the world.

Eduard Spranger, a renowned German psychologist and educator, passed away in 1963 at the age of 81. His work on personality types greatly influenced the fields of psychology and education, emphasizing the importance of tailoring learning experiences to individual needs.

Adnan Menderes, the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1950 to 1960, was executed by the military junta in 1961. His leadership was marked by modernization efforts but also controversy, leading to his downfall in a military coup.

Bert Leysen, a significant figure in Belgian television, passed away at the young age of 39 in 1959. His innovative contributions helped shape the industry, leaving behind a rich legacy that continues to inspire future generations of directors.

1958 Eugène Jungers, Belgian Governor of Rwanda Urundi, dies at 70

Friedrich Adolf Paneth, an influential Austrian-British chemist, passed away in 1958 at the age of 71. His groundbreaking research in nuclear chemistry and dedication to education left a lasting legacy in the scientific community.

Herbie Fields, a celebrated jazz saxophonist known for his hit 'Dardanella', tragically died from an intentional overdose of sleeping pills in 1958 at the age of 39. His life and career reflect the struggles musicians often face in the high-pressure world of fame.

Jan Eisenloeffel, a prominent Dutch goldsmith known for his intricate and innovative designs, passed away on January 5, 1957, at the age of 81. His legacy continues to influence the field of goldsmithing and inspires new generations of artisans.

Emil Ermatinger, a renowned literature historian and advocate for Swiss authors, passed away in 1953 at the age of 80, leaving behind a rich literary legacy that laid the foundation for future studies in Swiss literature.

Henry Holden Huss, a revered American classical pianist and composer, passed away in 1953 at the age of 91. His contributions to music as both a performer and educator left a lasting impact on American classical music.

Jimmy Yancey, the influential American boogie-woogie and jazz pianist, left an indelible mark on music before his untimely death in 1951. His unique style and emotive piano playing continue to resonate with musicians today.

Gelett Burgess, the acclaimed humorist and author of 'The Purple Cow', passed away on September 18, 1951, at the age of 85, leaving a lasting impact on American literature with his whimsical and engaging writings.

Ferruccio Giannini, celebrated operatic tenor and influential teacher, passed away in 1948 at age 79. Renowned for his recordings and role at the Verdi Opera House, his legacy continues to inspire generations in the world of opera.

The assassination of Folke Bernadotte in 1948 by a Zionist group marked a tragic moment in diplomatic history, highlighting the dangers faced by mediators in the Arab-Israeli conflict and ensuring his legacy of humanitarianism lives on.

Lillian Braithwaite, a celebrated British actress known for her role in 'Man About the House', passed away in 1948 at the age of 75. Her remarkable contributions to theatre and television left a lasting impact on the performing arts.

Ruth Benedict was a pioneering American anthropologist known for her influential work 'Patterns of Culture.' Her exploration of cultural diversity and the impact of culture on behavior left a lasting legacy in anthropology. She passed away in 1948 at age 61.

1944 marked the death of Friedrich Kussin, a German Major-General commanding during Operation Market Garden. His leadership in Arnhem ended tragically in battle, reflecting the intense conflicts of WWII.

Dick Tyldesley, a notable English cricket spin bowler, passed away in 1943 at the age of 46. He played 7 Tests for England, taking 19 wickets, and is remembered for his contributions to Lancashire CCC and the legacy he left in cricket.

Ethel M. Dell, a prominent English author known for her romantic fiction including 'Storm Drift', passed away at 58 in 1939. Her engaging storytelling continues to resonate, influencing future generations of writers.

Bruno Jasieński, a pivotal figure in the Polish Futurist movement and communist poet, was executed in 1938 during the Great Purge. His tragic death at 37 marked the silencing of a revolutionary voice in literature, leaving a lasting impact on Polish culture.

Ettie Annie Rout, born in 1877, was a pioneering New Zealand activist known for her advocacy in women's rights and public health. Her contributions left a lasting impact, particularly in reproductive rights and education, making her a significant figure in early feminist movements.

Edmund van der Straeten, a prominent German composer known for his emotional depth in music, dies at the age of 79 in 1934. His legacy continues to inspire future generations, showcasing the rich cultural history of German music.

Joseph De Piro, born in 1877 in Malta, dedicated his life to founding the Missionary Society of St. Paul. Passing away in 1933, his legacy of faith and service continues to inspire today's communities through education and outreach.

August Sauer, an influential Austrian literary historian known for his significant work "Euphorion," passed away in 1926 at the age of 70. His contributions to the understanding of German literature and criticism remain lasting legacies in the literary world.

Thomas Selfridge, an early American aviator and military officer, tragically became the first person to die in an airplane accident on September 17, 1908. His death highlighted the risks of early flight and prompted significant discussions about aviation safety.

Ignaz Brull, the Moravian-born pianist and composer, passed away in 1907 at the age of 60. Known for his unique blending of Czech folk melodies with classical traditions, his legacy lives on through his cherished compositions.

Charles Alfred Pillsbury, co-founder of the Pillsbury Company and a significant figure in the milling industry, passed away in 1899. His contributions greatly shaped the food market, and his legacy continues to influence the industry today.

In 1895, the celebrated balloonist Auguste Toulet tragically died during an aerial flight, marking a significant loss for the ballooning community. His adventurous spirit and impressive feats continue to inspire aviation enthusiasts around the world.

Captain Deng Shichang of the Chinese Imperial Navy tragically went down with his ship, the Zhiyuan, during the First Sino-Japanese War in Korea Bay in 1894. His legacy of bravery and dedication continues to inspire and reflect the challenges faced by China during this pivotal conflict.

The death of Ignaz Vincenz Zingerle in 1892 marked a significant moment in Austrian literature, commemorating the life of a poet who profoundly influenced the literary landscape of his time.

The death of Louis Schubert in 1884 at age 56 marked a significant loss for classical music. Renowned as a violinist, composer, and teacher, his contributions profoundly impacted music education and performance, leaving a lasting legacy.

1879 Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (restored medieval monuments including city of Carcassonne), dies at 65

Discover the remarkable life of Alexander Berry, a Scottish surgeon who played a pivotal role in establishing the first European settlement in New South Wales, Australia, before his death at 91 in 1873.

Roman Nose, a notable Cheyenne leader, passed away in 1868, leaving a significant impact on his tribe during a critical time in Native American history. Known for his bravery and leadership, his death marked a turning point for the Cheyenne in their ongoing struggle against oppression.

Walter Savage Landor, an English poet and writer famed for his work 'Imaginary Conversations', passed away in 1864 at the age of 89. His influence on literature and unique creative style continue to inspire generations of writers. Discover more about his remarkable legacy.

Albartus Telting, a celebrated Frisian poet, passed away in 1863, leaving a lasting impact on Frisian literature. His best-known work, *Frisianch Jierboeckjen*, captures the essence of Frisian life and culture.

Alfred Victor, Comte de Vigny, a renowned French writer and musketeer, passed away on July 17, 1863. Celebrated for his literary contributions including 'Moise' and 'Chatterton', he left a lasting impact on French literature and romanticism.

The death of Brigadier General Lawrence O'Bryan Branch at age 41 during the Battle of Sharpsburg marked a significant loss for the Confederate Army. His legacy and contributions to military strategy continue to be remembered today.

Brigadier General William Edwin Starke, a Confederate officer, died at the Battle of Glendale in 1862 at the age of 48. He was known for his valor and leadership, leaving a lasting impact on the troops and the Confederate army.

Francesco Giuseppe Pollini, an Italian composer and student of Mozart, passed away in 1846. His contributions to classical music are celebrated, marking an impactful legacy that continues to inspire musicians today.

Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, a prominent French botanist, passed away on September 1, 1836, at the age of 88. His pioneering work in the classification of flowering plants laid the foundation for modern botany, influencing future generations of botanists.

Giacomo Tritto, an influential Italian composer, passed away on March 25, 1824, at the age of 91. His contributions to opera and instrumental music left a lasting legacy that shaped the evolution of classical music in Italy and beyond.

Abraham L. Breguet, a French clockmaker renowned for his innovations in watchmaking, died at the age of 76 in 1823. His contributions, including the self-winding mechanism, shaped the horological industry and left a lasting legacy.

Henri Hamal, a prominent Belgian composer, passed away on January 3, 1820, at the age of 76. Known for his innovative compositions that integrated Belgian folk melodies, he left a lasting legacy in the world of classical music.

Benjamin Bourne, an esteemed American politician and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Rhode Island, died in 1808 at the age of 53, leaving a noteworthy legacy in early American politics.

Franz Xaver Süssmayr, an Austrian composer and conductor, died on September 17, 1803. Known for completing Mozart's Requiem, Süssmayr greatly impacted classical music, transitioning it from the Classical to Romantic era. His remarkable works continue to resonate today.

Tomás de Iriarte, a prominent Spanish writer known for his fables, died in 1791 at the age of 40. His work, especially in 'Fábulas Literarias,' remains influential in Spanish literature, highlighting timeless moral lessons through engaging storytelling.

Tobias Smollett, the influential Scottish novelist known for 'The Adventures of Roderick Random', died at the age of 50 in 1771, leaving a legacy that shaped the literary landscape of the 18th century.

Francesco Geminiani, a celebrated Italian violinist and composer, died in 1762. His innovative contributions to Baroque music and violin performance have left a lasting impact, inspiring generations of musicians.

Josef Antonín Plánický, a notable Czech composer, passed away in 1732 at the age of 40. His contributions to music, especially in merging Czech folk traditions and classical styles, left a significant mark on the musical landscape of his time.

Glückel of Hameln, born in 1647, was a pioneering German businesswoman who thrived in the male-dominated world of finance. Her death in 1727 marked the loss of an influential figure in both business and Jewish history, leaving behind a legacy through her detailed memoirs.

Olof Rudbeck, a distinguished Swedish scientist, writer, and composer, died in 1702 at the age of 71. His extensive contributions to anatomy and botany, combined with his musical creativity, left a lasting legacy in Swedish culture and science.

John Joseph of Austria, an influential Spanish general and the illegitimate son of Philip IV of Spain, died in 1679. His contributions to military strategy and governance shaped historical narratives throughout Europe and left a lasting legacy in the Spanish Netherlands.

The death of Sabbatai Zevi in 1676 marked a pivotal moment in Jewish history, impacting his followers and the broader community. As a kabbalist and the purported Messiah, his life and subsequent passing inspired ongoing discussions of faith, messianism, and identity in Judaism.

Bonaventura Elsevier, a prominent Dutch book publisher, died in 1652. His influential work in the publishing industry set high standards for quality and academic rigor, leaving a significant legacy still felt today.

1632 Susenyos I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1606-1632), dies at around 60

Thomas Lake, an influential English statesman and secretary to King James I, passed away in 1630. His political acumen and significant contributions to the state left a lasting legacy, impacting the future of English governance.

Saint Roberto Bellarmino, an Italian saint and Doctor of the Church, passed away at 78 in 1621. His life was marked by significant theological contributions during the Counter-Reformation, and his teachings continue to influence Christianity today.

Lucas Osiander, a renowned German composer, died in 1604 at the age of 69. His innovative compositions, particularly in choral music, left a lasting impact on the music world, shaping future generations of musicians.

The death of Heinrich Bullinger in 1575 marked the end of a significant era in Swiss Reformation. As a prominent theologian and close associate of Zwingli, Bullinger's writings and leadership shaped the Protestant church and continue to influence Reformed traditions today.

Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, the Spanish admiral who founded St. Augustine, Florida, passed away in 1574 at the age of 55. His legacy as an explorer and leader remains significant in early American history, laying the foundation for Spanish settlements in the region.

1563 Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, English soldier

Constantine II of Bulgaria, Tsar from 1397 to 1422, played a crucial role in the medieval history of Bulgaria during a turbulent time marked by Ottoman expansion. His efforts centered on preserving autonomy and cultural heritage until his death, which ushered in significant challenges for the Bulgarian Empire.

1322 Robert III of Flanders (b. 1249)

Ferdinand IV, King of Castile and León, died in 1312 at the young age of 26. Despite his short reign, he faced significant political turmoil and his death created a succession crisis that impacted the future of Spain.